Tarantool development patches archive
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
* [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type
@ 2021-04-23 12:57 Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
  2021-04-25 17:41 ` Vladislav Shpilevoy via Tarantool-patches
  2021-05-20  8:26 ` Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
  0 siblings, 2 replies; 3+ messages in thread
From: Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches @ 2021-04-23 12:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: v.shpilevoy; +Cc: tarantool-patches

This patch moves MEM types from the 'u32 flags' field to the new
'enum mem_type type' field. Now, we can be sure that only one type is
set for MEM. In addition, it is now easier to distinguish MAP and ARRAY
from VARBINARY, and this makes it easier to add extension types - UUID
and DECIMAL.

Closes #4906
Needed for #5886
---
https://github.com/tarantool/tarantool/issues/4906
https://github.com/tarantool/tarantool/tree/imeevma/gh-4906-rework-mem-types

 src/box/sql/func.c    |  12 +-
 src/box/sql/mem.c     | 959 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 src/box/sql/mem.h     | 138 +++---
 src/box/sql/vdbemem.c |   3 +-
 4 files changed, 594 insertions(+), 518 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/box/sql/func.c b/src/box/sql/func.c
index 9c28d5122..2ce7a3871 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/func.c
+++ b/src/box/sql/func.c
@@ -1766,14 +1766,20 @@ minmaxStep(sql_context * context, int NotUsed, sql_value ** argv)
 
 	struct func_sql_builtin *func =
 		(struct func_sql_builtin *)context->func;
+	/*
+	 * TODO: Make proper initialization for aggregate accumulation
+	 * structures. Currently a hack is applied here: in case mem pBest is a
+	 * newly created MEM, it bytes are set to 0 using memset(). Since
+	 * MEM_NULL == 0, it works. However, it does not look right.
+	 */
 	pBest = (Mem *) sql_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*pBest));
 	if (!pBest)
 		return;
 
 	if (mem_is_null(argv[0])) {
-		if (pBest->flags)
+		if (!mem_is_null(pBest))
 			sqlSkipAccumulatorLoad(context);
-	} else if (pBest->flags) {
+	} else if (!mem_is_null(pBest)) {
 		int cmp;
 		struct coll *pColl = sqlGetFuncCollSeq(context);
 		/*
@@ -1801,7 +1807,7 @@ minMaxFinalize(sql_context * context)
 	sql_value *pRes;
 	pRes = (sql_value *) sql_aggregate_context(context, 0);
 	if (pRes) {
-		if (pRes->flags) {
+		if (!mem_is_null(pRes)) {
 			sql_result_value(context, pRes);
 		}
 		mem_destroy(pRes);
diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.c b/src/box/sql/mem.c
index b6ff6397f..90883ee21 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/mem.c
+++ b/src/box/sql/mem.c
@@ -60,26 +60,26 @@ const char *
 mem_str(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
 	char buf[BUF_SIZE];
-	switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
-	case MEM_Null:
+	switch (mem->type) {
+	case MEM_NULL:
 		return "NULL";
-	case MEM_Str:
+	case MEM_STR:
 		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Term) != 0)
 			return mem->z;
 		return tt_cstr(mem->z, mem->n);
-	case MEM_Int:
+	case MEM_INT:
 		return tt_sprintf("%lld", mem->u.i);
-	case MEM_UInt:
+	case MEM_UINT:
 		return tt_sprintf("%llu", mem->u.u);
-	case MEM_Real:
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
 		sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, &buf[0], "%!.15g", mem->u.r);
 		return tt_sprintf("%s", buf);
-	case MEM_Blob:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
-			return "varbinary";
-		assert(mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
+	case MEM_BIN:
+		return "varbinary";
+	case MEM_MAP:
+	case MEM_ARRAY:
 		return mp_str(mem->z);
-	case MEM_Bool:
+	case MEM_BOOL:
 		return mem->u.b ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
 	default:
 		return "unknown";
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ mem_str(const struct Mem *mem)
 void
 mem_create(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	mem->flags = MEM_Null;
-	mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_NO;
+	mem->type = MEM_NULL;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
 	mem->n = 0;
 	mem->z = NULL;
@@ -108,20 +108,19 @@ mem_create(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline void
 mem_clear(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Agg | MEM_Dyn | MEM_Frame)) != 0) {
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) != 0)
-			sql_vdbemem_finalize(mem, mem->u.func);
-		assert((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) == 0);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0) {
-			assert(mem->xDel != SQL_DYNAMIC && mem->xDel != NULL);
-			mem->xDel((void *)mem->z);
-		} else if ((mem->flags & MEM_Frame) != 0) {
-			struct VdbeFrame *frame = mem->u.pFrame;
-			frame->pParent = frame->v->pDelFrame;
-			frame->v->pDelFrame = frame;
-		}
-	}
-	mem->flags = MEM_Null;
+	if (mem->type == MEM_AGG) {
+		sql_vdbemem_finalize(mem, mem->u.func);
+		assert(mem->type != MEM_AGG);
+	} else if (mem->type == MEM_FRAME) {
+		struct VdbeFrame *frame = mem->u.pFrame;
+		frame->pParent = frame->v->pDelFrame;
+		frame->v->pDelFrame = frame;
+	} else if ((mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0) {
+		assert(mem->xDel != SQL_DYNAMIC && mem->xDel != NULL);
+		mem->xDel((void *)mem->z);
+	}
+	mem->type = MEM_NULL;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
 }
 
@@ -149,7 +148,8 @@ mem_set_int(struct Mem *mem, int64_t value, bool is_neg)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
 	mem->u.i = value;
-	mem->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	mem->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
 }
 
@@ -158,7 +158,8 @@ mem_set_uint(struct Mem *mem, uint64_t value)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
 	mem->u.u = value;
-	mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+	mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +168,8 @@ mem_set_bool(struct Mem *mem, bool value)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
 	mem->u.b = value;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
+	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +181,8 @@ mem_set_double(struct Mem *mem, double value)
 	if (sqlIsNaN(value))
 		return;
 	mem->u.r = value;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Real;
+	mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -189,7 +192,8 @@ set_str_const(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t len, int alloc_type)
 	mem_clear(mem);
 	mem->z = value;
 	mem->n = len;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Str | alloc_type;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = alloc_type;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 }
 
@@ -202,7 +206,8 @@ set_str_dynamic(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t len, int alloc_type)
 	mem_destroy(mem);
 	mem->z = value;
 	mem->n = len;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Str | alloc_type;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = alloc_type;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 	if (alloc_type == MEM_Dyn) {
 		mem->xDel = sql_free;
@@ -268,11 +273,12 @@ mem_set_str0_allocated(struct Mem *mem, char *value)
 int
 mem_copy_str(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t len)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 && mem->z == value) {
+	if ((mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) && mem->z == value) {
 		/* Own value, but might be ephemeral. Make it own if so. */
 		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, len, 1) != 0)
 			return -1;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Str;
+		mem->type = MEM_STR;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -281,7 +287,8 @@ mem_copy_str(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t len)
 		return -1;
 	memcpy(mem->z, value, len);
 	mem->n = len;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Str;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -304,7 +311,8 @@ set_bin_const(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type)
 	mem_clear(mem);
 	mem->z = value;
 	mem->n = size;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | alloc_type;
+	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+	mem->flags = alloc_type;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 }
 
@@ -317,7 +325,8 @@ set_bin_dynamic(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type)
 	mem_destroy(mem);
 	mem->z = value;
 	mem->n = size;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | alloc_type;
+	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+	mem->flags = alloc_type;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 	if (alloc_type == MEM_Dyn) {
 		mem->xDel = sql_free;
@@ -355,11 +364,12 @@ mem_set_bin_allocated(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size)
 int
 mem_copy_bin(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t size)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 && mem->z == value) {
+	if ((mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) && mem->z == value) {
 		/* Own value, but might be ephemeral. Make it own if so. */
 		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, size, 1) != 0)
 			return -1;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Blob;
+		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -368,7 +378,8 @@ mem_copy_bin(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t size)
 		return -1;
 	memcpy(mem->z, value, size);
 	mem->n = size;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Blob;
+	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -382,7 +393,8 @@ mem_set_zerobin(struct Mem *mem, int n)
 	mem->u.nZero = n;
 	mem->z = NULL;
 	mem->n = 0;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Zero;
+	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+	mem->flags = MEM_Zero;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 }
 
@@ -390,12 +402,12 @@ static inline void
 set_msgpack_value(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type,
 		  enum field_type type)
 {
+	assert(type == FIELD_TYPE_MAP || type == FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY);
 	if (alloc_type == MEM_Ephem || alloc_type == MEM_Static)
 		set_bin_const(mem, value, size, alloc_type);
 	else
 		set_bin_dynamic(mem, value, size, alloc_type);
-	mem->flags |= MEM_Subtype;
-	mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
+	mem->type = type == FIELD_TYPE_MAP ? MEM_MAP : MEM_ARRAY;
 	mem->field_type = type;
 }
 
@@ -459,14 +471,16 @@ void
 mem_set_invalid(struct Mem *mem)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
-	mem->flags = MEM_Undefined;
+	mem->type = MEM_INVALID;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 }
 
 void
 mem_set_ptr(struct Mem *mem, void *ptr)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
-	mem->flags = MEM_Ptr;
+	mem->type = MEM_PTR;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->u.p = ptr;
 }
 
@@ -474,7 +488,8 @@ void
 mem_set_frame(struct Mem *mem, struct VdbeFrame *frame)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
-	mem->flags = MEM_Frame;
+	mem->type = MEM_FRAME;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->u.pFrame = frame;
 }
 
@@ -488,7 +503,8 @@ mem_set_agg(struct Mem *mem, struct func *func, int size)
 		return -1;
 	memset(mem->z, 0, size);
 	mem->n = size;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Agg;
+	mem->type = MEM_AGG;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->u.func = func;
 	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
 	return 0;
@@ -498,19 +514,21 @@ void
 mem_set_null_clear(struct Mem *mem)
 {
 	mem_clear(mem);
-	mem->flags = MEM_Null | MEM_Cleared;
+	mem->flags = MEM_Cleared;
 }
 
 static inline int
 int_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
 	double d;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT)
 		d = (double)mem->u.u;
 	else
 		d = (double)mem->u.i;
 	mem->u.r = d;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Real;
+	mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -518,8 +536,9 @@ int_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 int_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
 	const char *str;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT)
 		str = tt_sprintf("%llu", mem->u.u);
 	else
 		str = tt_sprintf("%lld", mem->u.i);
@@ -529,8 +548,10 @@ int_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 int_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
 	mem->u.b = mem->u.i != 0;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
+	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -538,7 +559,7 @@ int_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 str_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags | MEM_Str) != 0);
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
 	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n + 1, 1) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	mem->z[mem->n] = '\0';
@@ -550,8 +571,9 @@ str_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 str_to_bin(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	mem->flags = (mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) |
-		     MEM_Blob;
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
+	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+	mem->flags = mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem);
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -559,6 +581,7 @@ str_to_bin(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 str_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
 	char *str = mem->z;
 	bool b;
 	const char *str_true = "TRUE";
@@ -586,10 +609,11 @@ str_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bin_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	if (ExpandBlob(mem) != 0)
 		return -1;
-	mem->flags = (mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) |
-		      MEM_Str;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem);
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -597,12 +621,14 @@ bin_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bin_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	if (ExpandBlob(mem) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n + 1, 1) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	mem->z[mem->n] = '\0';
-	mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Term;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = MEM_Term;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -610,6 +636,7 @@ bin_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bytes_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	bool is_neg;
 	int64_t i;
 	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &i, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0)
@@ -621,6 +648,7 @@ bytes_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bytes_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	bool is_neg;
 	int64_t i;
 	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &i, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0)
@@ -634,6 +662,7 @@ bytes_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bytes_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	double d;
 	if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, &d, mem->n) == 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -644,16 +673,19 @@ bytes_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	double d = mem->u.r;
 	if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN) {
 		mem->u.i = (int64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
+		mem->type = MEM_INT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
 		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -663,16 +695,19 @@ double_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	double d = mem->u.r;
 	if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN && (double)(int64_t)d == d) {
 		mem->u.i = (int64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
+		mem->type = MEM_INT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX && (double)(uint64_t)d == d) {
 		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -682,10 +717,12 @@ double_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	double d = mem->u.r;
 	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
 		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -695,10 +732,12 @@ double_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_uint_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	double d = mem->u.r;
 	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX && (double)(uint64_t)d == d) {
 		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
-		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -708,11 +747,13 @@ double_to_uint_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, BUF_SIZE, 0) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, mem->z, "%!.15g", mem->u.r);
 	mem->n = strlen(mem->z);
-	mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Term;
+	mem->type = MEM_STR;
+	mem->flags = MEM_Term;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -720,8 +761,10 @@ double_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 double_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 	mem->u.b = mem->u.r != 0.;
-	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
+	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -729,8 +772,10 @@ double_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bool_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_BOOL);
 	mem->u.u = (uint64_t)mem->u.b;
-	mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+	mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+	mem->flags = 0;
 	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -738,6 +783,7 @@ bool_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 bool_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_BOOL);
 	const char *str = mem->u.b ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
 	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
 }
@@ -745,6 +791,7 @@ bool_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 array_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_ARRAY);
 	const char *str = mp_str(mem->z);
 	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
 }
@@ -752,6 +799,7 @@ array_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 static inline int
 map_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_MAP);
 	const char *str = mp_str(mem->z);
 	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
 }
@@ -759,14 +807,15 @@ map_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 int
 mem_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN)
 		return bytes_to_int(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 		return double_to_int(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_BOOL)
 		return bool_to_int(mem);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -774,12 +823,13 @@ mem_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
 int
 mem_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_STR)
 		return bytes_to_int(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 		return double_to_int_precise(mem);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -787,12 +837,13 @@ mem_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
 int
 mem_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 		return int_to_double(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_STR)
 		return bytes_to_double(mem);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -800,12 +851,13 @@ mem_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
 int
 mem_to_number(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+	if (type == MEM_BOOL)
 		return bool_to_int(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
+	if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN) {
 		if (bytes_to_int(mem) == 0)
 			return 0;
 		return bytes_to_double(mem);
@@ -816,72 +868,78 @@ mem_to_number(struct Mem *mem)
 int
 mem_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Term)) == (MEM_Str | MEM_Term))
-		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	switch (mem->type) {
+	case MEM_STR:
+		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Term) != 0)
+			return 0;
 		return str_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+	case MEM_INT:
+	case MEM_UINT:
 		return int_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
 		return double_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
-		return bool_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0) {
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
-			return bin_to_str0(mem);
-		if (mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP)
-			return map_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_BIN:
+		return bin_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_MAP:
+		return map_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_ARRAY:
 		return array_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_BOOL:
+		return bool_to_str0(mem);
+	default:
+		return -1;
 	}
-	return -1;
 }
 
 int
 mem_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	switch (mem->type) {
+	case MEM_STR:
 		return 0;
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+	case MEM_INT:
+	case MEM_UINT:
 		return int_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
 		return double_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
-		return bool_to_str0(mem);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0) {
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
-			return bin_to_str(mem);
-		if (mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP)
-			return map_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_BIN:
+		return bin_to_str(mem);
+	case MEM_MAP:
+		return map_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_ARRAY:
 		return array_to_str0(mem);
+	case MEM_BOOL:
+		return bool_to_str0(mem);
+	default:
+		return -1;
 	}
-	return -1;
 }
 
 int
-mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
+mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
-		mem->field_type = type;
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_NULL) {
+		mem->field_type = field_type;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	switch (type) {
+	switch (field_type) {
 	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+		switch (type) {
+		case MEM_UINT:
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
-			return -1;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
-		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
-			return -1;
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
+		case MEM_STR:
+		case MEM_BIN:
 			return bytes_to_uint(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		case MEM_DOUBLE:
 			return double_to_int(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+		case MEM_BOOL:
 			return bool_to_int(mem);
-		return -1;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
 	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
 		return mem_to_str(mem);
 	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
@@ -889,26 +947,29 @@ mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
 	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
 		return mem_to_int(mem);
 	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+		switch (type) {
+		case MEM_BOOL:
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_UInt | MEM_Int)) != 0)
+		case MEM_INT:
+		case MEM_UINT:
 			return int_to_bool(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		case MEM_STR:
 			return str_to_bool(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		case MEM_DOUBLE:
 			return double_to_bool(mem);
-		return -1;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
 	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return str_to_bin(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
 		return mem_to_number(mem);
 	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
-		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	default:
@@ -918,58 +979,58 @@ mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
 }
 
 int
-mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
+mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
-		mem->field_type = type;
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_NULL) {
+		mem->field_type = field_type;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	switch (type) {
+	switch (field_type) {
 	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_UINT)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return double_to_uint(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 			return int_to_double(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return double_to_int(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_BOOL)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_MAP:
-		if (mem_is_map(mem))
+		if (type == MEM_MAP)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY:
-		if (mem_is_array(mem))
+		if (type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
-		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_ANY:
@@ -981,68 +1042,68 @@ mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
 }
 
 int
-mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
+mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
 {
-	if (mem_is_null(mem))
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	if (type == MEM_NULL)
 		return 0;
-	switch (type) {
+	switch (field_type) {
 	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_UINT)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return double_to_uint_precise(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return bytes_to_uint(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 			return int_to_str0(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return double_to_str0(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 			return int_to_double(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return bin_to_str(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return bytes_to_int(mem);
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return double_to_int_precise(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_BOOL)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_BIN)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
-		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
 			return 0;
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_STR)
 			return mem_to_number(mem);
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_MAP:
-		if (mem_is_map(mem))
+		if (type == MEM_MAP)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY:
-		if (mem_is_array(mem))
+		if (type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
-		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	default:
@@ -1054,19 +1115,19 @@ mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
 int
 mem_get_int(const struct Mem *mem, int64_t *i, bool *is_neg)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
 		*i = mem->u.i;
 		*is_neg = true;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
 		*i = mem->u.i;
 		*is_neg = false;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN)
 		return sql_atoi64(mem->z, i, is_neg, mem->n);
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		double d = mem->u.r;
 		if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN) {
 			*i = (int64_t)d;
@@ -1086,20 +1147,20 @@ mem_get_int(const struct Mem *mem, int64_t *i, bool *is_neg)
 int
 mem_get_uint(const struct Mem *mem, uint64_t *u)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_INT)
 		return -1;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
 		*u = mem->u.u;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) {
 		bool is_neg;
 		if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, (int64_t *)u, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0 ||
 		    is_neg)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		double d = mem->u.r;
 		if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
 			*u = (uint64_t)d;
@@ -1113,19 +1174,19 @@ mem_get_uint(const struct Mem *mem, uint64_t *u)
 int
 mem_get_double(const struct Mem *mem, double *d)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		*d = mem->u.r;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
 		*d = (double)mem->u.i;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
 		*d = (double)mem->u.u;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_STR) {
 		if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, d, mem->n) == 0)
 			return -1;
 		return 0;
@@ -1136,7 +1197,7 @@ mem_get_double(const struct Mem *mem, double *d)
 int
 mem_get_bool(const struct Mem *mem, bool *b)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_BOOL) {
 		*b = mem->u.b;
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -1146,7 +1207,7 @@ mem_get_bool(const struct Mem *mem, bool *b)
 int
 mem_get_str0(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Term) == 0)
+	if (mem->type != MEM_STR || (mem->flags & MEM_Term) == 0)
 		return -1;
 	*s = mem->z;
 	return 0;
@@ -1155,11 +1216,11 @@ mem_get_str0(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
 int
 mem_get_bin(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_STR) {
 		*s = mem->n > 0 ? mem->z : NULL;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
+	if (mem->type != MEM_BIN || (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	*s = mem->z;
 	return 0;
@@ -1168,9 +1229,9 @@ mem_get_bin(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
 int
 mem_len(const struct Mem *mem, uint32_t *len)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
+	if (mem->type != MEM_STR && mem->type != MEM_BIN)
 		return -1;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) !=0 && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_BIN && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
 		*len = mem->n + mem->u.nZero;
 	else
 		*len = mem->n;
@@ -1180,7 +1241,7 @@ mem_len(const struct Mem *mem, uint32_t *len)
 int
 mem_get_agg(const struct Mem *mem, void **accum)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) == 0)
+	if (mem->type != MEM_AGG)
 		return -1;
 	*accum = mem->z;
 	return 0;
@@ -1191,16 +1252,17 @@ mem_copy(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
 {
 	mem_clear(to);
 	to->u = from->u;
+	to->type = from->type;
 	to->flags = from->flags;
-	to->subtype = from->subtype;
 	to->field_type = from->field_type;
 	to->n = from->n;
 	to->z = from->z;
-	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
+	if (!mem_is_bytes(to))
 		return 0;
 	if ((to->flags & MEM_Static) != 0)
 		return 0;
-	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Zero | MEM_Blob)) == (MEM_Zero | MEM_Blob))
+	assert((to->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || to->type == MEM_BIN);
+	if ((to->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
 		return sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(to);
 	to->zMalloc = sqlDbReallocOrFree(to->db, to->zMalloc, to->n);
 	if (to->zMalloc == NULL)
@@ -1208,7 +1270,7 @@ mem_copy(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
 	to->szMalloc = sqlDbMallocSize(to->db, to->zMalloc);
 	memcpy(to->zMalloc, to->z, to->n);
 	to->z = to->zMalloc;
-	to->flags &= (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob | MEM_Term | MEM_Subtype);
+	to->flags &= MEM_Term;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1217,16 +1279,16 @@ mem_copy_as_ephemeral(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
 {
 	mem_clear(to);
 	to->u = from->u;
+	to->type = from->type;
 	to->flags = from->flags;
-	to->subtype = from->subtype;
 	to->field_type = from->field_type;
 	to->n = from->n;
 	to->z = from->z;
-	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
+	if (!mem_is_bytes(to))
 		return;
 	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) != 0)
 		return;
-	to->flags &= (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob | MEM_Term | MEM_Zero | MEM_Subtype);
+	to->flags &= MEM_Term | MEM_Zero;
 	to->flags |= MEM_Ephem;
 	return;
 }
@@ -1236,7 +1298,8 @@ mem_move(struct Mem *to, struct Mem *from)
 {
 	mem_destroy(to);
 	memcpy(to, from, sizeof(*to));
-	from->flags = MEM_Null;
+	from->type = MEM_NULL;
+	from->flags = 0;
 	from->szMalloc = 0;
 	from->zMalloc = NULL;
 }
@@ -1247,7 +1310,7 @@ try_return_null(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result,
 {
 	mem_clear(result);
 	result->field_type = type;
-	return (((a->flags | b->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0);
+	return a->type == MEM_NULL || b->type == MEM_NULL;
 }
 
 int
@@ -1258,7 +1321,7 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
 		if (try_return_null(a, b, result, FIELD_TYPE_STRING))
 			return 0;
 	} else {
-		if (((a->flags | b->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0) {
+		if (a->type == MEM_NULL || b->type == MEM_NULL) {
 			mem_clear(a);
 			result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 			return 0;
@@ -1266,19 +1329,19 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
 	}
 
 	/* Concatenation operation can be applied only to strings and blobs. */
-	if ((b->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0) {
+	if (b->type != MEM_STR && b->type != MEM_BIN) {
 		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
 			 "text or varbinary", mem_type_to_str(b));
 		return -1;
 	}
-	if ((a->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0) {
+	if (a->type != MEM_STR && a->type != MEM_BIN) {
 		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
 			 "text or varbinary", mem_type_to_str(a));
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	/* Moreover, both operands must be of the same type. */
-	if ((b->flags & MEM_Str) != (a->flags & MEM_Str)) {
+	if (b->type != a->type) {
 		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
 			 mem_type_to_str(a), mem_type_to_str(b));
 		return -1;
@@ -1295,8 +1358,9 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
 	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(result, size, result == a) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	result->flags = a->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob);
-	if ((result->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
+	result->type = a->type;
+	result->flags = 0;
+	if (result->type == MEM_BIN)
 		result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 	if (result != a)
 		memcpy(result->z, a->z, a->n);
@@ -1311,36 +1375,34 @@ struct sql_num {
 		uint64_t u;
 		double d;
 	};
-	int type;
+	enum mem_type type;
 	bool is_neg;
 };
 
 static int
 get_number(const struct Mem *mem, struct sql_num *number)
 {
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		number->d = mem->u.r;
-		number->type = MEM_Real;
+		number->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
 		number->i = mem->u.i;
-		number->type = MEM_Int;
+		number->type = MEM_INT;
 		number->is_neg = true;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
 		number->u = mem->u.u;
-		number->type = MEM_UInt;
+		number->type = MEM_UINT;
 		number->is_neg = false;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
-		return -1;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
+	if (mem->type != MEM_STR && mem->type != MEM_BIN)
 		return -1;
 	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &number->i, &number->is_neg, mem->n) == 0) {
-		number->type = number->is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+		number->type = number->is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
 		/*
 		 * The next line should be removed along with the is_neg field
 		 * of struct sql_num. The integer type tells us about the sign.
@@ -1351,7 +1413,7 @@ get_number(const struct Mem *mem, struct sql_num *number)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, &number->d, mem->n) != 0) {
-		number->type = MEM_Real;
+		number->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return -1;
@@ -1372,14 +1434,14 @@ arithmetic_prepare(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
 		return -1;
 	}
 	assert(a->type != 0 && b->type != 0);
-	if (a->type == MEM_Real && b->type != MEM_Real) {
-		b->d = b->type == MEM_Int ? (double)b->i : (double)b->u;
-		b->type = MEM_Real;
+	if (a->type == MEM_DOUBLE && b->type != MEM_DOUBLE) {
+		b->d = b->type == MEM_INT ? (double)b->i : (double)b->u;
+		b->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (a->type != MEM_Real && b->type == MEM_Real) {
-		a->d = a->type == MEM_Int ? (double)a->i : (double)a->u;
-		a->type = MEM_Real;
+	if (a->type != MEM_DOUBLE && b->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
+		a->d = a->type == MEM_INT ? (double)a->i : (double)a->u;
+		a->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1395,10 +1457,11 @@ mem_add(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
-	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
+	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
+	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		result->u.r = a.d + b.d;
-		result->flags = MEM_Real;
+		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+		result->flags = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1409,7 +1472,8 @@ mem_add(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = res;
-	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1423,10 +1487,11 @@ mem_sub(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
-	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
+	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
+	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		result->u.r = a.d - b.d;
-		result->flags = MEM_Real;
+		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+		result->flags = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1437,7 +1502,8 @@ mem_sub(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = res;
-	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1451,10 +1517,11 @@ mem_mul(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
-	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
+	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
+	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		result->u.r = a.d * b.d;
-		result->flags = MEM_Real;
+		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+		result->flags = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1465,7 +1532,8 @@ mem_mul(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = res;
-	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1479,15 +1547,16 @@ mem_div(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
-	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
+	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
+	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 		if (b.d == 0.) {
 			diag_set(ClientError, ER_SQL_EXECUTE,
 				 "division by zero");
 			return -1;
 		}
 		result->u.r = a.d / b.d;
-		result->flags = MEM_Real;
+		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+		result->flags = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1502,7 +1571,8 @@ mem_div(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = res;
-	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1516,14 +1586,14 @@ mem_rem(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
+	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
 	/*
 	 * TODO: This operation works wrong when double d > INT64_MAX and
 	 * d < UINT64_MAX. Also, there may be precision losses due to
 	 * conversion integer to double and back.
 	 */
-	a.i = a.type == MEM_Real ? (int64_t)a.d : a.i;
-	b.i = b.type == MEM_Real ? (int64_t)b.d : b.i;
+	a.i = a.type == MEM_DOUBLE ? (int64_t)a.d : a.i;
+	b.i = b.type == MEM_DOUBLE ? (int64_t)b.d : b.i;
 	if (b.i == 0) {
 		diag_set(ClientError, ER_SQL_EXECUTE, "division by zero");
 		return -1;
@@ -1535,7 +1605,8 @@ mem_rem(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = res;
-	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1567,7 +1638,8 @@ mem_bit_and(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (bitwise_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	result->u.i = a & b;
-	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1581,7 +1653,8 @@ mem_bit_or(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
 	if (bitwise_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
 		return -1;
 	result->u.i = a | b;
-	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1603,7 +1676,8 @@ mem_shift_left(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
 		result->u.i = 0;
 	else
 		result->u.i = a << b;
-	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1625,7 +1699,8 @@ mem_shift_right(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
 		result->u.i = a >= 0 ? 0 : -1;
 	else
 		result->u.i = a >> b;
-	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1634,7 +1709,7 @@ mem_bit_not(const struct Mem *mem, struct Mem *result)
 {
 	mem_clear(result);
 	result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
-	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0)
+	if (mem->type == MEM_NULL)
 		return 0;
 	int64_t i;
 	bool unused;
@@ -1644,14 +1719,15 @@ mem_bit_not(const struct Mem *mem, struct Mem *result)
 		return -1;
 	}
 	result->u.i = ~i;
-	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
+	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
+	result->flags = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int
 mem_cmp_bool(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
 {
-	if ((a->flags & b->flags & MEM_Bool) == 0)
+	if (a->type != MEM_BOOL || b->type != MEM_BOOL)
 		return -1;
 	if (a->u.b == b->u.b)
 		*result = 0;
@@ -1665,7 +1741,7 @@ mem_cmp_bool(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
 int
 mem_cmp_bin(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
 {
-	if ((a->flags & b->flags & MEM_Blob) == 0)
+	if (a->type != MEM_BIN || b->type != MEM_BIN)
 		return -1;
 	int an = a->n;
 	int bn = b->n;
@@ -1722,8 +1798,8 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
 	}
 	if (get_number(left, &a) != 0)
 		return -1;
-	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
-		if (b.type == MEM_Real) {
+	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
+		if (b.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 			if (a.d > b.d)
 				*result = 1;
 			else if (a.d < b.d)
@@ -1732,14 +1808,14 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
 				*result = 0;
 			return 0;
 		}
-		if (b.type == MEM_Int)
+		if (b.type == MEM_INT)
 			*result = double_compare_nint64(a.d, b.i, 1);
 		else
 			*result = double_compare_uint64(a.d, b.u, 1);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (a.type == MEM_Int) {
-		if (b.type == MEM_Int) {
+	if (a.type == MEM_INT) {
+		if (b.type == MEM_INT) {
 			if (a.i > b.i)
 				*result = 1;
 			else if (a.i < b.i)
@@ -1748,14 +1824,14 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
 				*result = 0;
 			return 0;
 		}
-		if (b.type == MEM_UInt)
+		if (b.type == MEM_UINT)
 			*result = -1;
 		else
 			*result = double_compare_nint64(b.d, a.i, -1);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	assert(a.type == MEM_UInt);
-	if (b.type == MEM_UInt) {
+	assert(a.type == MEM_UINT);
+	if (b.type == MEM_UINT) {
 		if (a.u > b.u)
 			*result = 1;
 		else if (a.u < b.u)
@@ -1764,7 +1840,7 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
 			*result = 0;
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (b.type == MEM_Int)
+	if (b.type == MEM_INT)
 		*result = 1;
 	else
 		*result = double_compare_uint64(b.d, a.u, -1);
@@ -1778,15 +1854,17 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
 	char *a;
 	uint32_t an;
 	char bufl[BUF_SIZE];
-	if ((left->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
+	if (left->type == MEM_STR) {
 		a = left->z;
 		an = left->n;
 	} else {
-		assert((left->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0);
+		enum mem_type type = left->type;
+		assert(type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT ||
+		       type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 		a = &bufl[0];
-		if ((left->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT)
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%lld", left->u.i);
-		else if ((left->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+		else if (type == MEM_UINT)
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%llu", left->u.u);
 		else
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%!.15g", left->u.r);
@@ -1796,15 +1874,17 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
 	char *b;
 	uint32_t bn;
 	char bufr[BUF_SIZE];
-	if ((right->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
+	if (right->type == MEM_STR) {
 		b = right->z;
 		bn = right->n;
 	} else {
-		assert((right->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0);
+		enum mem_type type = right->type;
+		assert(type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT ||
+		       type == MEM_DOUBLE);
 		b = &bufr[0];
-		if ((right->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
+		if (type == MEM_INT)
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%lld", right->u.i);
-		else if ((right->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
+		else if (type == MEM_UINT)
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%llu", right->u.u);
 		else
 			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%!.15g", right->u.r);
@@ -1822,13 +1902,6 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline bool
-mem_has_msgpack_subtype(struct Mem *mem)
-{
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 &&
-	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
-}
-
 /*
  * Both *pMem1 and *pMem2 contain string values. Compare the two values
  * using the collation sequence pColl. As usual, return a negative , zero
@@ -1864,20 +1937,22 @@ char *
 mem_type_to_str(const struct Mem *p)
 {
 	assert(p != NULL);
-	switch (p->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
-	case MEM_Null:
+	switch (p->type) {
+	case MEM_NULL:
 		return "NULL";
-	case MEM_Str:
+	case MEM_STR:
 		return "text";
-	case MEM_Int:
+	case MEM_INT:
 		return "integer";
-	case MEM_UInt:
+	case MEM_UINT:
 		return "unsigned";
-	case MEM_Real:
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
 		return "real";
-	case MEM_Blob:
+	case MEM_ARRAY:
+	case MEM_MAP:
+	case MEM_BIN:
 		return "varbinary";
-	case MEM_Bool:
+	case MEM_BOOL:
 		return "boolean";
 	default:
 		unreachable();
@@ -1887,28 +1962,8 @@ mem_type_to_str(const struct Mem *p)
 enum mp_type
 mem_mp_type(struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
-	case MEM_Int:
-		return MP_INT;
-	case MEM_UInt:
-		return MP_UINT;
-	case MEM_Real:
-		return MP_DOUBLE;
-	case MEM_Str:
-		return MP_STR;
-	case MEM_Blob:
-		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
-		     mem->subtype != SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK)
-			return MP_BIN;
-		assert(mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP ||
-		       mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_ARRAY);
-		return mp_typeof(*mem->z);
-	case MEM_Bool:
-		return MP_BOOL;
-	case MEM_Null:
-		return MP_NIL;
-	default: unreachable();
-	}
+	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
+	return (enum mp_type)mem->type;
 }
 
 /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-12793-43283 Every value in sql has one of five
@@ -1944,11 +1999,6 @@ sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(Mem * p)
 	 */
 	assert((p->flags & MEM_Dyn) == 0 || p->szMalloc == 0);
 
-	/* Cannot be both MEM_Int and MEM_Real at the same time */
-	assert((p->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_Real)) != (MEM_Int | MEM_Real));
-	/* Can't be both UInt and Int at the same time.  */
-	assert((p->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt));
-
 	/* The szMalloc field holds the correct memory allocation size */
 	assert(p->szMalloc == 0 ||
 	       p->szMalloc == sqlDbMallocSize(p->db, p->zMalloc));
@@ -1961,7 +2011,7 @@ sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(Mem * p)
 	 *   (3) An ephemeral string or blob
 	 *   (4) A static string or blob
 	 */
-	if ((p->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) && p->n > 0) {
+	if ((p->type == MEM_STR || p->type == MEM_BIN) && p->n > 0) {
 		assert(((p->szMalloc > 0 && p->z == p->zMalloc) ? 1 : 0) +
 		       ((p->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0 ? 1 : 0) +
 		       ((p->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0 ? 1 : 0) +
@@ -1980,7 +2030,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
 	char *zCsr = zBuf;
 	int f = pMem->flags;
 
-	if (f&MEM_Blob) {
+	if (pMem->type == MEM_BIN) {
 		int i;
 		char c;
 		if (f & MEM_Dyn) {
@@ -2016,7 +2066,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
 			zCsr += sqlStrlen30(zCsr);
 		}
 		*zCsr = '\0';
-	} else if (f & MEM_Str) {
+	} else if (pMem->type == MEM_STR) {
 		int j, k;
 		zBuf[0] = ' ';
 		if (f & MEM_Dyn) {
@@ -2056,26 +2106,34 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
 static void
 memTracePrint(Mem *p)
 {
-	if (p->flags & MEM_Undefined) {
-		printf(" undefined");
-	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Null) {
+	switch (p->type) {
+	case MEM_NULL:
 		printf(" NULL");
-	} else if ((p->flags & (MEM_Int|MEM_Str))==(MEM_Int|MEM_Str)) {
-		printf(" si:%lld", p->u.i);
-	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Int) {
+		return;
+	case MEM_INT:
 		printf(" i:%lld", p->u.i);
-	} else if (p->flags & MEM_UInt) {
+		return;
+	case MEM_UINT:
 		printf(" u:%"PRIu64"", p->u.u);
-	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Real) {
+		return;
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
 		printf(" r:%g", p->u.r);
-	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Bool) {
+		return;
+	case MEM_INVALID:
+		printf(" undefined");
+		return;
+	case MEM_BOOL:
 		printf(" bool:%s", SQL_TOKEN_BOOLEAN(p->u.b));
-	} else {
+		return;
+	default: {
 		char zBuf[200];
 		sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(p, zBuf);
 		printf(" %s", zBuf);
+		if (p->type == MEM_MAP || p->type == MEM_ARRAY)
+			printf(" subtype=0x%02x", SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
+		return;
+	}
 	}
-	if (p->flags & MEM_Subtype) printf(" subtype=0x%02x", p->subtype);
 }
 
 void
@@ -2095,7 +2153,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem * pMem)
 {
 	int nByte;
 	assert(pMem->flags & MEM_Zero);
-	assert(pMem->flags & MEM_Blob);
+	assert(pMem->type == MEM_BIN);
 
 	/* Set nByte to the number of bytes required to store the expanded blob. */
 	nByte = pMem->n + pMem->u.nZero;
@@ -2121,7 +2179,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemGrow(struct Mem *pMem, int n, int bPreserve)
 	/* If the bPreserve flag is set to true, then the memory cell must already
 	 * contain a valid string or blob value.
 	 */
-	assert(bPreserve == 0 || pMem->flags & (MEM_Blob | MEM_Str));
+	assert(bPreserve == 0 || mem_is_bytes(pMem));
 	testcase(bPreserve && pMem->z == 0);
 
 	assert(pMem->szMalloc == 0 ||
@@ -2168,9 +2226,8 @@ sqlVdbeMemGrow(struct Mem *pMem, int n, int bPreserve)
  * routine is a no-op.
  *
  * Any prior string or blob content in the pMem object may be discarded.
- * The pMem->xDel destructor is called, if it exists.  Though MEM_Str
- * and MEM_Blob values may be discarded, MEM_Int, MEM_Real, and MEM_Null
- * values are preserved.
+ * The pMem->xDel destructor is called, if it exists. Though STRING, VARBINARY,
+ * MAP and ARRAY values may be discarded, all other values are preserved.
  *
  * Return 0 on success or -1 if unable to complete the resizing.
  */
@@ -2184,7 +2241,6 @@ sqlVdbeMemClearAndResize(Mem * pMem, int szNew)
 	}
 	assert((pMem->flags & MEM_Dyn) == 0);
 	pMem->z = pMem->zMalloc;
-	pMem->flags &= (MEM_Null | MEM_Int | MEM_Real);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2208,7 +2264,8 @@ sqlValueNew(sql * db)
 {
 	Mem *p = sqlDbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*p));
 	if (p) {
-		p->flags = MEM_Null;
+		p->type = MEM_NULL;
+		p->flags = 0;
 		p->db = db;
 	}
 	return p;
@@ -2223,7 +2280,8 @@ releaseMemArray(Mem * p, int N)
 			assert((&p[1]) == pEnd || p[0].db == p[1].db);
 			assert(sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(p));
 			mem_destroy(p);
-			p->flags = MEM_Undefined;
+			p->type = MEM_INVALID;
+			p->flags = 0;
 		} while ((++p) < pEnd);
 	}
 }
@@ -2236,7 +2294,7 @@ int
 sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem * p)
 {
 	assert(p->db != 0);
-	if (p->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) {
+	if (mem_is_bytes(p)) {
 		int n = p->n;
 		if (p->flags & MEM_Zero) {
 			n += p->u.nZero;
@@ -2258,40 +2316,36 @@ sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem * p)
 int
 sqlMemCompare(const Mem * pMem1, const Mem * pMem2, const struct coll * pColl)
 {
-	int f1, f2;
 	int res;
-	int combined_flags;
 
-	f1 = pMem1->flags;
-	f2 = pMem2->flags;
-	combined_flags = f1 | f2;
+	enum mem_type type1 = pMem1->type;
+	enum mem_type type2 = pMem2->type;
 
 	/* If one value is NULL, it is less than the other. If both values
 	 * are NULL, return 0.
 	 */
-	if (combined_flags & MEM_Null) {
-		return (f2 & MEM_Null) - (f1 & MEM_Null);
-	}
+	if (type1 == MEM_NULL || type2 == MEM_NULL)
+		return (int)(type2 == MEM_NULL) - (int)(type1 == MEM_NULL);
 
-	if ((combined_flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
-		if ((f1 & f2 & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+	if (type1 == MEM_BOOL || type2 == MEM_BOOL) {
+		if (type1 == MEM_BOOL && type2 == MEM_BOOL) {
 			if (pMem1->u.b == pMem2->u.b)
 				return 0;
 			if (pMem1->u.b)
 				return 1;
 			return -1;
 		}
-		if ((f2 & MEM_Bool) != 0)
+		if (type2 == MEM_BOOL)
 			return +1;
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	/* At least one of the two values is a number
 	 */
-	if ((combined_flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0) {
-		if ((f1 & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) == 0)
+	if (mem_is_num(pMem1) || mem_is_num(pMem2)) {
+		if (!mem_is_num(pMem1))
 			return +1;
-		if ((f2 & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) == 0)
+		if (!mem_is_num(pMem2))
 			return -1;
 		mem_cmp_num(pMem1, pMem2, &res);
 		return res;
@@ -2300,11 +2354,11 @@ sqlMemCompare(const Mem * pMem1, const Mem * pMem2, const struct coll * pColl)
 	/* If one value is a string and the other is a blob, the string is less.
 	 * If both are strings, compare using the collating functions.
 	 */
-	if (combined_flags & MEM_Str) {
-		if ((f1 & MEM_Str) == 0) {
+	if (type1 == MEM_STR || type2 == MEM_STR) {
+		if (type1 != MEM_STR) {
 			return 1;
 		}
-		if ((f2 & MEM_Str) == 0) {
+		if (type2 != MEM_STR) {
 			return -1;
 		}
 		mem_cmp_str(pMem1, pMem2, &res, pColl);
@@ -2322,12 +2376,13 @@ sql_vdbemem_finalize(struct Mem *mem, struct func *func)
 	assert(func != NULL);
 	assert(func->def->language == FUNC_LANGUAGE_SQL_BUILTIN);
 	assert(func->def->aggregate == FUNC_AGGREGATE_GROUP);
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0 || func == mem->u.func);
+	assert(mem->type == MEM_NULL || func == mem->u.func);
 	sql_context ctx;
 	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
 	Mem t;
 	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
-	t.flags = MEM_Null;
+	t.type = MEM_NULL;
+	t.flags = 0;
 	t.db = mem->db;
 	t.field_type = field_type_MAX;
 	ctx.pOut = &t;
@@ -2356,35 +2411,35 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 			break;
 		}
 	case MP_NIL:{
-			rc = -((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) == 0);
+			rc = -(pKey2->type != MEM_NULL);
 			mp_decode_nil(&aKey1);
 			break;
 		}
 	case MP_BOOL:{
 			mem1.u.b = mp_decode_bool(&aKey1);
-			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
 				if (mem1.u.b != pKey2->u.b)
 					rc = mem1.u.b ? 1 : -1;
 			} else {
-				rc = (pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0 ? 1 : -1;
+				rc = pKey2->type == MEM_NULL ? 1 : -1;
 			}
 			break;
 		}
 	case MP_UINT:{
 			mem1.u.u = mp_decode_uint(&aKey1);
-			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
 				rc = +1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
 				if (mem1.u.u < pKey2->u.u)
 					rc = -1;
 				else if (mem1.u.u > pKey2->u.u)
 					rc = +1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 				rc = double_compare_uint64(pKey2->u.r,
 							   mem1.u.u, -1);
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
 				rc = 1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
 				rc = 1;
 			} else {
 				rc = -1;
@@ -2393,20 +2448,20 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 		}
 	case MP_INT:{
 			mem1.u.i = mp_decode_int(&aKey1);
-			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
 				rc = -1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
 				if (mem1.u.i < pKey2->u.i) {
 					rc = -1;
 				} else if (mem1.u.i > pKey2->u.i) {
 					rc = +1;
 				}
-			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 				rc = double_compare_nint64(pKey2->u.r, mem1.u.i,
 							   -1);
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
 				rc = 1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
 				rc = 1;
 			} else {
 				rc = -1;
@@ -2420,21 +2475,21 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 	case MP_DOUBLE:{
 			mem1.u.r = mp_decode_double(&aKey1);
  do_float:
-			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
 				rc = double_compare_nint64(mem1.u.r, pKey2->u.i,
 							   1);
-			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
 				rc = double_compare_uint64(mem1.u.r,
 							   pKey2->u.u, 1);
-			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
 				if (mem1.u.r < pKey2->u.r) {
 					rc = -1;
 				} else if (mem1.u.r > pKey2->u.r) {
 					rc = +1;
 				}
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
 				rc = 1;
-			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
+			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
 				rc = 1;
 			} else {
 				rc = -1;
@@ -2442,7 +2497,7 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 			break;
 		}
 	case MP_STR:{
-			if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Str) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_STR) {
 				struct key_def *key_def = unpacked->key_def;
 				mem1.n = mp_decode_strl(&aKey1);
 				mem1.z = (char *)aKey1;
@@ -2450,14 +2505,15 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 				struct coll *coll =
 					key_def->parts[key2_idx].coll;
 				if (coll != NULL) {
-					mem1.flags = MEM_Str;
+					mem1.type = MEM_STR;
+					mem1.flags = 0;
 					rc = vdbeCompareMemString(&mem1, pKey2,
 								  coll);
 				} else {
 					goto do_bin_cmp;
 				}
 			} else {
-				rc = (pKey2->flags & MEM_Blob) ? -1 : +1;
+				rc = pKey2->type == MEM_BIN ? -1 : +1;
 			}
 			break;
 		}
@@ -2466,7 +2522,7 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
 			mem1.z = (char *)aKey1;
 			aKey1 += mem1.n;
  do_blob:
-			if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Blob) {
+			if (pKey2->type == MEM_BIN) {
 				if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Zero) {
 					if (!isAllZero
 					    ((const char *)mem1.z, mem1.n)) {
@@ -2533,8 +2589,8 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
 		mem->z = (char *)buf;
 		mp_next(&buf);
 		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem | MEM_Subtype;
-		mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
+		mem->type = MEM_ARRAY;
+		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY;
 		break;
 	}
@@ -2542,8 +2598,8 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
 		mem->z = (char *)buf;
 		mp_next(&buf);
 		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem | MEM_Subtype;
-		mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
+		mem->type = MEM_MAP;
+		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_MAP;
 		break;
 	}
@@ -2551,39 +2607,45 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
 		mem->z = (char *)buf;
 		mp_next(&buf);
 		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
-		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem;
+		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 		break;
 	}
 	case MP_NIL: {
 		mp_decode_nil(&buf);
-		mem->flags = MEM_Null;
+		mem->type = MEM_NULL;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
 		break;
 	}
 	case MP_BOOL: {
 		mem->u.b = mp_decode_bool(&buf);
-		mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
+		mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
 		break;
 	}
 	case MP_UINT: {
 		uint64_t v = mp_decode_uint(&buf);
 		mem->u.u = v;
-		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
+		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
 		break;
 	}
 	case MP_INT: {
 		mem->u.i = mp_decode_int(&buf);
-		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
+		mem->type = MEM_INT;
+		mem->flags = 0;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
 		break;
 	}
 	case MP_STR: {
 		/* XXX u32->int */
 		mem->n = (int) mp_decode_strl(&buf);
-		mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Ephem;
+		mem->type = MEM_STR;
+		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
 install_blob:
 		mem->z = (char *)buf;
@@ -2593,17 +2655,20 @@ install_blob:
 	case MP_BIN: {
 		/* XXX u32->int */
 		mem->n = (int) mp_decode_binl(&buf);
-		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem;
+		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
+		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
 		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
 		goto install_blob;
 	}
 	case MP_FLOAT: {
 		mem->u.r = mp_decode_float(&buf);
 		if (sqlIsNaN(mem->u.r)) {
-			mem->flags = MEM_Null;
+			mem->type = MEM_NULL;
+			mem->flags = 0;
 			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
 		} else {
-			mem->flags = MEM_Real;
+			mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			mem->flags = 0;
 			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
 		}
 		break;
@@ -2611,10 +2676,12 @@ install_blob:
 	case MP_DOUBLE: {
 		mem->u.r = mp_decode_double(&buf);
 		if (sqlIsNaN(mem->u.r)) {
-			mem->flags = MEM_Null;
+			mem->type = MEM_NULL;
+			mem->flags = 0;
 			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
 		} else {
-			mem->flags = MEM_Real;
+			mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			mem->flags = 0;
 			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
 		}
 		break;
@@ -2631,7 +2698,7 @@ mem_from_mp(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
 {
 	if (mem_from_mp_ephemeral(mem, buf, len) != 0)
 		return -1;
-	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
+	if (mem_is_bytes(mem)) {
 		assert((mem->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0);
 		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n, 1) != 0)
 			return -1;
@@ -2643,35 +2710,41 @@ void
 mpstream_encode_vdbe_mem(struct mpstream *stream, struct Mem *var)
 {
 	assert(memIsValid(var));
-	int64_t i;
-	if (var->flags & MEM_Null) {
+	switch (var->type) {
+	case MEM_NULL:
 		mpstream_encode_nil(stream);
-	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Real) {
-		mpstream_encode_double(stream, var->u.r);
-	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Int) {
-		i = var->u.i;
-		mpstream_encode_int(stream, i);
-	} else if (var->flags & MEM_UInt) {
-		i = var->u.u;
-		mpstream_encode_uint(stream, i);
-	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Str) {
+		return;
+	case MEM_STR:
 		mpstream_encode_strn(stream, var->z, var->n);
-	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Bool) {
-		mpstream_encode_bool(stream, var->u.b);
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * Emit BIN header iff the BLOB doesn't store
-		 * MsgPack content.
-		 */
-		if (!mem_has_msgpack_subtype(var)) {
-			uint32_t binl = var->n +
-					((var->flags & MEM_Zero) ?
-					var->u.nZero : 0);
-			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, binl);
+		return;
+	case MEM_INT:
+		mpstream_encode_int(stream, var->u.i);
+		return;
+	case MEM_UINT:
+		mpstream_encode_uint(stream, var->u.u);
+		return;
+	case MEM_DOUBLE:
+		mpstream_encode_double(stream, var->u.r);
+		return;
+	case MEM_BIN:
+		if ((var->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0) {
+			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, var->n + var->u.nZero);
+			mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
+			mpstream_memset(stream, 0, var->u.nZero);
+		} else {
+			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, var->n);
+			mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
 		}
+		return;
+	case MEM_ARRAY:
+	case MEM_MAP:
 		mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
-		if (var->flags & MEM_Zero)
-			mpstream_memset(stream, 0, var->u.nZero);
+		return;
+	case MEM_BOOL:
+		mpstream_encode_bool(stream, var->u.b);
+		return;
+	default:
+		unreachable();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2734,24 +2807,26 @@ port_vdbemem_dump_lua(struct port *base, struct lua_State *L, bool is_flat)
 	assert(is_flat == true);
 	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < port->mem_count; i++) {
 		struct Mem *mem = (struct Mem *)port->mem + i;
-		switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
-		case MEM_Int:
+		switch (mem->type) {
+		case MEM_INT:
 			luaL_pushint64(L, mem->u.i);
 			break;
-		case MEM_UInt:
+		case MEM_UINT:
 			luaL_pushuint64(L, mem->u.u);
 			break;
-		case MEM_Real:
+		case MEM_DOUBLE:
 			lua_pushnumber(L, mem->u.r);
 			break;
-		case MEM_Str:
-		case MEM_Blob:
+		case MEM_STR:
+		case MEM_BIN:
+		case MEM_MAP:
+		case MEM_ARRAY:
 			lua_pushlstring(L, mem->z, mem->n);
 			break;
-		case MEM_Null:
+		case MEM_NULL:
 			lua_pushnil(L);
 			break;
-		case MEM_Bool:
+		case MEM_BOOL:
 			lua_pushboolean(L, mem->u.b);
 			break;
 		default:
@@ -2844,23 +2919,28 @@ port_lua_get_vdbemem(struct port *base, uint32_t *size)
 		mem_clear(&val[i]);
 		switch (field.type) {
 		case MP_BOOL:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Bool;
+			val[i].type = MEM_BOOL;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.b = field.bval;
 			break;
 		case MP_FLOAT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
+			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.r = field.fval;
 			break;
 		case MP_DOUBLE:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
+			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.r = field.dval;
 			break;
 		case MP_INT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Int;
+			val[i].type = MEM_INT;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.i = field.ival;
 			break;
 		case MP_UINT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_UInt;
+			val[i].type = MEM_UINT;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.i = field.ival;
 			break;
 		case MP_STR:
@@ -2919,23 +2999,28 @@ port_c_get_vdbemem(struct port *base, uint32_t *size)
 		const char *str;
 		switch (mp_typeof(*data)) {
 		case MP_BOOL:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Bool;
+			val[i].type = MEM_BOOL;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.b = mp_decode_bool(&data);
 			break;
 		case MP_FLOAT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
+			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.r = mp_decode_float(&data);
 			break;
 		case MP_DOUBLE:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
+			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.r = mp_decode_double(&data);
 			break;
 		case MP_INT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_Int;
+			val[i].type = MEM_INT;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.i = mp_decode_int(&data);
 			break;
 		case MP_UINT:
-			val[i].flags = MEM_UInt;
+			val[i].type = MEM_UINT;
+			val[i].flags = 0;
 			val[i].u.u = mp_decode_uint(&data);
 			break;
 		case MP_STR:
diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.h b/src/box/sql/mem.h
index 1db7f4deb..48c1850d4 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/mem.h
+++ b/src/box/sql/mem.h
@@ -37,6 +37,35 @@ struct region;
 struct mpstream;
 struct VdbeFrame;
 
+enum mem_type {
+	MEM_NULL = 0,
+	MEM_UINT,
+	MEM_INT,
+	MEM_STR,
+	MEM_BIN,
+	MEM_ARRAY,
+	MEM_MAP,
+	MEM_BOOL,
+	MEM_FLOAT,
+	MEM_DOUBLE,
+	MEM_INVALID,
+	MEM_FRAME,
+	MEM_PTR,
+	MEM_AGG,
+};
+
+static_assert((int)MP_NIL == (int)MEM_NULL);
+static_assert((int)MP_UINT == (int)MEM_UINT);
+static_assert((int)MP_INT == (int)MEM_INT);
+static_assert((int)MP_STR == (int)MEM_STR);
+static_assert((int)MP_BIN == (int)MEM_BIN);
+static_assert((int)MP_ARRAY == (int)MEM_ARRAY);
+static_assert((int)MP_MAP == (int)MEM_MAP);
+static_assert((int)MP_BOOL == (int)MEM_BOOL);
+static_assert((int)MP_FLOAT == (int)MEM_FLOAT);
+static_assert((int)MP_DOUBLE == (int)MEM_DOUBLE);
+static_assert((int)MP_EXT == (int)MEM_INVALID);
+
 /*
  * Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
  * structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
@@ -57,9 +86,8 @@ struct Mem {
 		struct func *func;
 		struct VdbeFrame *pFrame;	/* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
 	} u;
-	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
-	/** Subtype for this value. */
-	enum sql_subtype subtype;
+	enum mem_type type;
+	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Term, MEM_Zero, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
 	/**
 	 * If value is fetched from tuple, then this property
 	 * contains type of corresponding space's field. If it's
@@ -81,29 +109,7 @@ struct Mem {
 #endif
 };
 
-/* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
- * representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
- *
- * If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
- * No other flags may be set in this case.
- *
- * If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
- * Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
- * database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
- * set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
- * flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
- */
-#define MEM_Null      0x0001	/* Value is NULL */
-#define MEM_Str       0x0002	/* Value is a string */
-#define MEM_Int       0x0004	/* Value is an integer */
-#define MEM_Real      0x0008	/* Value is a real number */
-#define MEM_Blob      0x0010	/* Value is a BLOB */
-#define MEM_Bool      0x0020    /* Value is a bool */
-#define MEM_UInt      0x0040	/* Value is an unsigned integer */
-#define MEM_Frame     0x0080	/* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
-#define MEM_Undefined 0x0100	/* Value is undefined */
 #define MEM_Cleared   0x0200	/* NULL set by OP_Null, not from data */
-#define MEM_TypeMask  0x83ff	/* Mask of type bits */
 
 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
  * the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
@@ -114,175 +120,153 @@ struct Mem {
 #define MEM_Dyn       0x0800	/* Need to call Mem.xDel() on Mem.z */
 #define MEM_Static    0x1000	/* Mem.z points to a static string */
 #define MEM_Ephem     0x2000	/* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
-#define MEM_Agg       0x4000	/* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
 #define MEM_Zero      0x8000	/* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
-#define MEM_Subtype   0x10000	/* Mem.eSubtype is valid */
-#define MEM_Ptr       0x20000	/* Value is a generic pointer */
-
-/**
- * In contrast to Mem_TypeMask, this one allows to get
- * pure type of memory cell, i.e. without _Dyn/_Zero and other
- * auxiliary flags.
- */
-enum {
-	MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK = 0x7f
-};
-
-static_assert(MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK == (MEM_Null | MEM_Str | MEM_Int | MEM_Real |
-				     MEM_Blob | MEM_Bool | MEM_UInt),
-	      "value of type mask must consist of corresponding to memory "\
-	      "type bits");
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_null(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_NULL;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_uint(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_UINT;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_nint(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_INT;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_str(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_STR;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_num(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0;
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	return type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_DOUBLE;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_double(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_int(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_UINT || mem->type == MEM_INT;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_bool(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_BOOL;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_bin(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0;
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	return type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_map(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
-	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 && mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP;
+	return mem->type == MEM_MAP;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_array(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
-	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 &&
-	       mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_ARRAY;
+	return mem->type == MEM_ARRAY;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_agg(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Agg) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_AGG;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_bytes(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Blob | MEM_Str)) != 0;
+	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
+	return type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY ||
+	       type == MEM_STR;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_frame(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Frame) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_FRAME;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_invalid(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & MEM_Undefined) != 0;
+	return mem->type == MEM_INVALID;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_static(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
+	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
 	return (mem->flags & MEM_Static) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_ephemeral(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
+	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
 	return (mem->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_dynamic(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
+	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
 	return (mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_allocated(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 &&
-	       mem->z == mem->zMalloc;
+	return mem_is_bytes(mem) && mem->z == mem->zMalloc;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_cleared(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0);
+	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) == 0 || mem->type == MEM_NULL);
 	return (mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_zerobin(const struct Mem *mem)
 {
-	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
+	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
 	return (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_same_type(const struct Mem *mem1, const struct Mem *mem2)
 {
-	return (mem1->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) ==
-	       (mem2->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK);
+	return mem1->type == mem2->type;
 }
 
 static inline bool
 mem_is_any_null(const struct Mem *mem1, const struct Mem *mem2)
 {
-	return ((mem1->flags | mem2->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0;
+	return mem1->type == MEM_NULL || mem2->type == MEM_NULL;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -943,7 +927,7 @@ registerTrace(int iReg, Mem *p);
  * Return true if a memory cell is not marked as invalid.  This macro
  * is for use inside assert() statements only.
  */
-#define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->flags & MEM_Undefined)==0
+#define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->type != MEM_INVALID)
 #endif
 
 int sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(struct Mem *);
@@ -969,8 +953,8 @@ int sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem *);
 /* Return TRUE if Mem X contains dynamically allocated content - anything
  * that needs to be deallocated to avoid a leak.
  */
-#define VdbeMemDynamic(X)  \
-  (((X)->flags&(MEM_Agg|MEM_Dyn|MEM_Frame))!=0)
+#define VdbeMemDynamic(X) (((X)->type == MEM_AGG || (X)->type == MEM_FRAME ||\
+			   ((X)->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0))
 
 
 int sqlMemCompare(const Mem *, const Mem *, const struct coll *);
diff --git a/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c b/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
index ba5c08a00..1aa201466 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
+++ b/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
@@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ valueNew(sql * db, struct ValueNewStat4Ctx *p)
 			pRec->aMem = (Mem *)((char *) pRec +
 					     ROUND8(sizeof(UnpackedRecord)));
 			for (uint32_t i = 0; i < part_count; i++) {
-				pRec->aMem[i].flags = MEM_Null;
+				pRec->aMem[i].type = MEM_NULL;
+				pRec->aMem[i].flags = 0;
 				pRec->aMem[i].db = db;
 			}
 			p->ppRec[0] = pRec;
-- 
2.25.1


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread

* Re: [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type
  2021-04-23 12:57 [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
@ 2021-04-25 17:41 ` Vladislav Shpilevoy via Tarantool-patches
  2021-05-20  8:26 ` Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 3+ messages in thread
From: Vladislav Shpilevoy via Tarantool-patches @ 2021-04-25 17:41 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: imeevma; +Cc: tarantool-patches

Hi! Thanks for the patch!

See 15 comments below. Most of them are the same though.

> diff --git a/src/box/sql/func.c b/src/box/sql/func.c
> index 9c28d5122..2ce7a3871 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/func.c
> +++ b/src/box/sql/func.c
> @@ -1766,14 +1766,20 @@ minmaxStep(sql_context * context, int NotUsed, sql_value ** argv)
>  
>  	struct func_sql_builtin *func =
>  		(struct func_sql_builtin *)context->func;
> +	/*
> +	 * TODO: Make proper initialization for aggregate accumulation
> +	 * structures. Currently a hack is applied here: in case mem pBest is a
> +	 * newly created MEM, it bytes are set to 0 using memset(). Since
> +	 * MEM_NULL == 0, it works. However, it does not look right.
> +	 */

1. Not sure I understand. I see sql_aggregate_context() calls mem_set_agg()
which sets MEM_AGG. Isn't it a proper initialization?

>  	pBest = (Mem *) sql_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*pBest));
>  	if (!pBest)
>  		return;
> diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.c b/src/box/sql/mem.c
> index b6ff6397f..90883ee21 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/mem.c
> +++ b/src/box/sql/mem.c
> @@ -60,26 +60,26 @@ const char *
>  mem_str(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	char buf[BUF_SIZE];
> -	switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
> -	case MEM_Null:
> +	switch (mem->type) {
> +	case MEM_NULL:

2. Better use MEM_TYPE_*. Otherwise in case the mem will have
any other enums, the value names would confuse. It is already
so because the flags also have MEM_ prefix and the only
difference is they are not uppercase in the suffix.

> @@ -149,7 +148,8 @@ mem_set_int(struct Mem *mem, int64_t value, bool is_neg)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->u.i = value;
> -	mem->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	mem->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	mem->flags = 0;

3. The flags are already cleared by mem_clear(). The same in
mem_set_uint(), mem_set_bool(), mem_set_double().

> @@ -281,7 +287,8 @@ mem_copy_str(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t len)
>  		return -1;
>  	memcpy(mem->z, value, len);
>  	mem->n = len;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
4. Ditto. The same in mem_copy_bin().

>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -459,14 +471,16 @@ void
>  mem_set_invalid(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Undefined;
> +	mem->type = MEM_INVALID;
> +	mem->flags = 0;

5. The same as above + mem_set_ptr(), mem_set_frame(),
mem_set_agg().

> @@ -498,19 +514,21 @@ void
>  mem_set_null_clear(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Null | MEM_Cleared;
> +	mem->flags = MEM_Cleared;
>  }
>  
>  static inline int
>  int_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
>  	double d;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT)
>  		d = (double)mem->u.u;
>  	else
>  		d = (double)mem->u.i;
>  	mem->u.r = d;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Real;
> +	mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +	mem->flags = 0;

6. Do you need to touch the flags? If it was an int, its flags
should have been 0 already. The same in int_to_bool(),
double_to_int(), double_to_int_precise(), double_to_uint(),
double_to_uint_precise(), double_to_bool(), bool_to_int().

> @@ -550,8 +571,9 @@ str_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  str_to_bin(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	mem->flags = (mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) |
> -		     MEM_Blob;
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem);

7. You can now use &=. But did you check if you even need to touch
these flags? It seems you can leave them as is. Previously they
were reset just to drop MEM_Blob flag I think.

The same in bin_to_str().

>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  	return 0;
>  }> @@ -1168,9 +1229,9 @@ mem_get_bin(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
>  int
>  mem_len(const struct Mem *mem, uint32_t *len)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_STR && mem->type != MEM_BIN)
>  		return -1;

8. Is it -1 for MAP and ARRAY intentionally? Previously they
were included into MEM_Blob.

I see mem_concat() didn't check for subtypes. Does it mean we
could concat two MP_ARRAYs into something invalid? If we could,
your patch probably just fixed it. Could you check and add a
test if so?

> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) !=0 && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_BIN && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
>  		*len = mem->n + mem->u.nZero;
>  	else
>  		*len = mem->n;
> @@ -1236,7 +1298,8 @@ mem_move(struct Mem *to, struct Mem *from)
>  {
>  	mem_destroy(to);
>  	memcpy(to, from, sizeof(*to));
> -	from->flags = MEM_Null;
> +	from->type = MEM_NULL;
> +	from->flags = 0;

9. Flags are already 0 after mem_destroy(). The same in mem_add(),
mem_sub(), mem_mul(), mem_div(), mem_rem(), mem_bit_and(),
mem_bit_or(), mem_shift_left(), mem_shift_right(), mem_bit_not().

> @@ -2208,7 +2264,8 @@ sqlValueNew(sql * db)
>  {
>  	Mem *p = sqlDbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*p));
>  	if (p) {
> -		p->flags = MEM_Null;
> +		p->type = MEM_NULL;
> +		p->flags = 0;

10. MallocZero nullifies the memory, no need to set the flags to 0.

>  		p->db = db;
>  	}
>  	return p;
> @@ -2223,7 +2280,8 @@ releaseMemArray(Mem * p, int N)
>  			assert((&p[1]) == pEnd || p[0].db == p[1].db);
>  			assert(sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(p));
>  			mem_destroy(p);
> -			p->flags = MEM_Undefined;
> +			p->type = MEM_INVALID;
> +			p->flags = 0;

11. mem_destroy() already cleared the flags.

>  		} while ((++p) < pEnd);
>  	}
>  }
> @@ -2844,23 +2919,28 @@ port_lua_get_vdbemem(struct port *base, uint32_t *size)
>  		mem_clear(&val[i]);
>  		switch (field.type) {
>  		case MP_BOOL:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Bool;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_BOOL;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;

12. The flags are cleared by mem_clear() above. The same in the other places
in this function. The same in port_c_get_vdbemem().

> diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.h b/src/box/sql/mem.h
> index 1db7f4deb..48c1850d4 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/mem.h
> +++ b/src/box/sql/mem.h
> @@ -37,6 +37,35 @@ struct region;
>  struct mpstream;
>  struct VdbeFrame;
>  
> +enum mem_type {
> +	MEM_NULL = 0,
> +	MEM_UINT,
> +	MEM_INT,
> +	MEM_STR,
> +	MEM_BIN,
> +	MEM_ARRAY,
> +	MEM_MAP,
> +	MEM_BOOL,
> +	MEM_FLOAT,
> +	MEM_DOUBLE,
> +	MEM_INVALID,
> +	MEM_FRAME,
> +	MEM_PTR,
> +	MEM_AGG,
> +};
> +
> +static_assert((int)MP_NIL == (int)MEM_NULL);
> +static_assert((int)MP_UINT == (int)MEM_UINT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_INT == (int)MEM_INT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_STR == (int)MEM_STR);
> +static_assert((int)MP_BIN == (int)MEM_BIN);
> +static_assert((int)MP_ARRAY == (int)MEM_ARRAY);
> +static_assert((int)MP_MAP == (int)MEM_MAP);
> +static_assert((int)MP_BOOL == (int)MEM_BOOL);
> +static_assert((int)MP_FLOAT == (int)MEM_FLOAT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_DOUBLE == (int)MEM_DOUBLE);
> +static_assert((int)MP_EXT == (int)MEM_INVALID);

13. You could also assign them right inside of enum declaration. Then
wouldn't need to assert.

> +
>  /*
>   * Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
>   * structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
> @@ -57,9 +86,8 @@ struct Mem {
>  		struct func *func;
>  		struct VdbeFrame *pFrame;	/* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
>  	} u;
> -	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
> -	/** Subtype for this value. */
> -	enum sql_subtype subtype;
> +	enum mem_type type;
> +	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Term, MEM_Zero, MEM_Dyn, etc. */

14. Since you changed the line, it is better to put the comment on
top of the member, according to the code style. And add a comment to the
type field. Even a trivial one would work. Comments between members help
to make the struct look more 'structured'.

> @@ -114,175 +120,153 @@ struct Mem {

<...>

>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_agg(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Agg) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_AGG;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_bytes(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Blob | MEM_Str)) != 0;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	return type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY ||
> +	       type == MEM_STR;
>  }
15. It was good when we could check several rare cases at one
branch. Maybe you could preserve the bitwise structure of the
types? Then we could keep the bit operations and save a few
branches. You didn't think of it, or do we go for normal numbers
intentionally?

On the other hand, having the types equal to mp types wins when
need to convert mem_type to mp_type, but do we need it often?

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread

* Re: [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type
  2021-04-23 12:57 [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
  2021-04-25 17:41 ` Vladislav Shpilevoy via Tarantool-patches
@ 2021-05-20  8:26 ` Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 3+ messages in thread
From: Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches @ 2021-05-20  8:26 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: v.shpilevoy, tarantool-patches

Hi! I removed MEM_TYPE_FLOAT since there is no values with such field type. It
appeared when I tried to match enum mem_type to enum mp_type. Diff below.

Diff:

diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.c b/src/box/sql/mem.c
index f855c111f..f7788021d 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/mem.c
+++ b/src/box/sql/mem.c
@@ -1974,8 +1974,6 @@ mem_mp_type(struct Mem *mem)
 		return MP_MAP;
 	case MEM_TYPE_BOOL:
 		return MP_BOOL;
-	case MEM_TYPE_FLOAT:
-		return MP_FLOAT;
 	case MEM_TYPE_DOUBLE:
 		return MP_DOUBLE;
 	default:
diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.h b/src/box/sql/mem.h
index 204d98129..15d97da0e 100644
--- a/src/box/sql/mem.h
+++ b/src/box/sql/mem.h
@@ -46,12 +46,11 @@ enum mem_type {
 	MEM_TYPE_ARRAY		= 1 << 5,
 	MEM_TYPE_MAP		= 1 << 6,
 	MEM_TYPE_BOOL		= 1 << 7,
-	MEM_TYPE_FLOAT		= 1 << 8,
-	MEM_TYPE_DOUBLE		= 1 << 9,
-	MEM_TYPE_INVALID	= 1 << 10,
-	MEM_TYPE_FRAME		= 1 << 11,
-	MEM_TYPE_PTR		= 1 << 12,
-	MEM_TYPE_AGG		= 1 << 13,
+	MEM_TYPE_DOUBLE		= 1 << 8,
+	MEM_TYPE_INVALID	= 1 << 9,
+	MEM_TYPE_FRAME		= 1 << 10,
+	MEM_TYPE_PTR		= 1 << 11,
+	MEM_TYPE_AGG		= 1 << 12,
 };
 
 /*

On Fri, Apr 23, 2021 at 03:57:29PM +0300, Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches wrote:
> This patch moves MEM types from the 'u32 flags' field to the new
> 'enum mem_type type' field. Now, we can be sure that only one type is
> set for MEM. In addition, it is now easier to distinguish MAP and ARRAY
> from VARBINARY, and this makes it easier to add extension types - UUID
> and DECIMAL.
> 
> Closes #4906
> Needed for #5886
> ---
> https://github.com/tarantool/tarantool/issues/4906
> https://github.com/tarantool/tarantool/tree/imeevma/gh-4906-rework-mem-types
> 
>  src/box/sql/func.c    |  12 +-
>  src/box/sql/mem.c     | 959 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
>  src/box/sql/mem.h     | 138 +++---
>  src/box/sql/vdbemem.c |   3 +-
>  4 files changed, 594 insertions(+), 518 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/src/box/sql/func.c b/src/box/sql/func.c
> index 9c28d5122..2ce7a3871 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/func.c
> +++ b/src/box/sql/func.c
> @@ -1766,14 +1766,20 @@ minmaxStep(sql_context * context, int NotUsed, sql_value ** argv)
>  
>  	struct func_sql_builtin *func =
>  		(struct func_sql_builtin *)context->func;
> +	/*
> +	 * TODO: Make proper initialization for aggregate accumulation
> +	 * structures. Currently a hack is applied here: in case mem pBest is a
> +	 * newly created MEM, it bytes are set to 0 using memset(). Since
> +	 * MEM_NULL == 0, it works. However, it does not look right.
> +	 */
>  	pBest = (Mem *) sql_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*pBest));
>  	if (!pBest)
>  		return;
>  
>  	if (mem_is_null(argv[0])) {
> -		if (pBest->flags)
> +		if (!mem_is_null(pBest))
>  			sqlSkipAccumulatorLoad(context);
> -	} else if (pBest->flags) {
> +	} else if (!mem_is_null(pBest)) {
>  		int cmp;
>  		struct coll *pColl = sqlGetFuncCollSeq(context);
>  		/*
> @@ -1801,7 +1807,7 @@ minMaxFinalize(sql_context * context)
>  	sql_value *pRes;
>  	pRes = (sql_value *) sql_aggregate_context(context, 0);
>  	if (pRes) {
> -		if (pRes->flags) {
> +		if (!mem_is_null(pRes)) {
>  			sql_result_value(context, pRes);
>  		}
>  		mem_destroy(pRes);
> diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.c b/src/box/sql/mem.c
> index b6ff6397f..90883ee21 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/mem.c
> +++ b/src/box/sql/mem.c
> @@ -60,26 +60,26 @@ const char *
>  mem_str(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	char buf[BUF_SIZE];
> -	switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
> -	case MEM_Null:
> +	switch (mem->type) {
> +	case MEM_NULL:
>  		return "NULL";
> -	case MEM_Str:
> +	case MEM_STR:
>  		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Term) != 0)
>  			return mem->z;
>  		return tt_cstr(mem->z, mem->n);
> -	case MEM_Int:
> +	case MEM_INT:
>  		return tt_sprintf("%lld", mem->u.i);
> -	case MEM_UInt:
> +	case MEM_UINT:
>  		return tt_sprintf("%llu", mem->u.u);
> -	case MEM_Real:
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  		sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, &buf[0], "%!.15g", mem->u.r);
>  		return tt_sprintf("%s", buf);
> -	case MEM_Blob:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
> -			return "varbinary";
> -		assert(mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
> +	case MEM_BIN:
> +		return "varbinary";
> +	case MEM_MAP:
> +	case MEM_ARRAY:
>  		return mp_str(mem->z);
> -	case MEM_Bool:
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
>  		return mem->u.b ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
>  	default:
>  		return "unknown";
> @@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ mem_str(const struct Mem *mem)
>  void
>  mem_create(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Null;
> -	mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_NO;
> +	mem->type = MEM_NULL;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
>  	mem->n = 0;
>  	mem->z = NULL;
> @@ -108,20 +108,19 @@ mem_create(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline void
>  mem_clear(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Agg | MEM_Dyn | MEM_Frame)) != 0) {
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) != 0)
> -			sql_vdbemem_finalize(mem, mem->u.func);
> -		assert((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) == 0);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0) {
> -			assert(mem->xDel != SQL_DYNAMIC && mem->xDel != NULL);
> -			mem->xDel((void *)mem->z);
> -		} else if ((mem->flags & MEM_Frame) != 0) {
> -			struct VdbeFrame *frame = mem->u.pFrame;
> -			frame->pParent = frame->v->pDelFrame;
> -			frame->v->pDelFrame = frame;
> -		}
> -	}
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Null;
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_AGG) {
> +		sql_vdbemem_finalize(mem, mem->u.func);
> +		assert(mem->type != MEM_AGG);
> +	} else if (mem->type == MEM_FRAME) {
> +		struct VdbeFrame *frame = mem->u.pFrame;
> +		frame->pParent = frame->v->pDelFrame;
> +		frame->v->pDelFrame = frame;
> +	} else if ((mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0) {
> +		assert(mem->xDel != SQL_DYNAMIC && mem->xDel != NULL);
> +		mem->xDel((void *)mem->z);
> +	}
> +	mem->type = MEM_NULL;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
>  }
>  
> @@ -149,7 +148,8 @@ mem_set_int(struct Mem *mem, int64_t value, bool is_neg)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->u.i = value;
> -	mem->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	mem->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
>  }
>  
> @@ -158,7 +158,8 @@ mem_set_uint(struct Mem *mem, uint64_t value)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->u.u = value;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +	mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  }
>  
> @@ -167,7 +168,8 @@ mem_set_bool(struct Mem *mem, bool value)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->u.b = value;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
>  }
>  
> @@ -179,7 +181,8 @@ mem_set_double(struct Mem *mem, double value)
>  	if (sqlIsNaN(value))
>  		return;
>  	mem->u.r = value;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Real;
> +	mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline void
> @@ -189,7 +192,8 @@ set_str_const(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t len, int alloc_type)
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->z = value;
>  	mem->n = len;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str | alloc_type;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = alloc_type;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  }
>  
> @@ -202,7 +206,8 @@ set_str_dynamic(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t len, int alloc_type)
>  	mem_destroy(mem);
>  	mem->z = value;
>  	mem->n = len;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str | alloc_type;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = alloc_type;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	if (alloc_type == MEM_Dyn) {
>  		mem->xDel = sql_free;
> @@ -268,11 +273,12 @@ mem_set_str0_allocated(struct Mem *mem, char *value)
>  int
>  mem_copy_str(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t len)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 && mem->z == value) {
> +	if ((mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) && mem->z == value) {
>  		/* Own value, but might be ephemeral. Make it own if so. */
>  		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, len, 1) != 0)
>  			return -1;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Str;
> +		mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -281,7 +287,8 @@ mem_copy_str(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t len)
>  		return -1;
>  	memcpy(mem->z, value, len);
>  	mem->n = len;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -304,7 +311,8 @@ set_bin_const(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type)
>  	mem_clear(mem);
>  	mem->z = value;
>  	mem->n = size;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | alloc_type;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = alloc_type;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  }
>  
> @@ -317,7 +325,8 @@ set_bin_dynamic(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type)
>  	mem_destroy(mem);
>  	mem->z = value;
>  	mem->n = size;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | alloc_type;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = alloc_type;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  	if (alloc_type == MEM_Dyn) {
>  		mem->xDel = sql_free;
> @@ -355,11 +364,12 @@ mem_set_bin_allocated(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size)
>  int
>  mem_copy_bin(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t size)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 && mem->z == value) {
> +	if ((mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) && mem->z == value) {
>  		/* Own value, but might be ephemeral. Make it own if so. */
>  		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, size, 1) != 0)
>  			return -1;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Blob;
> +		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -368,7 +378,8 @@ mem_copy_bin(struct Mem *mem, const char *value, uint32_t size)
>  		return -1;
>  	memcpy(mem->z, value, size);
>  	mem->n = size;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Blob;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -382,7 +393,8 @@ mem_set_zerobin(struct Mem *mem, int n)
>  	mem->u.nZero = n;
>  	mem->z = NULL;
>  	mem->n = 0;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Zero;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = MEM_Zero;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  }
>  
> @@ -390,12 +402,12 @@ static inline void
>  set_msgpack_value(struct Mem *mem, char *value, uint32_t size, int alloc_type,
>  		  enum field_type type)
>  {
> +	assert(type == FIELD_TYPE_MAP || type == FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY);
>  	if (alloc_type == MEM_Ephem || alloc_type == MEM_Static)
>  		set_bin_const(mem, value, size, alloc_type);
>  	else
>  		set_bin_dynamic(mem, value, size, alloc_type);
> -	mem->flags |= MEM_Subtype;
> -	mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
> +	mem->type = type == FIELD_TYPE_MAP ? MEM_MAP : MEM_ARRAY;
>  	mem->field_type = type;
>  }
>  
> @@ -459,14 +471,16 @@ void
>  mem_set_invalid(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Undefined;
> +	mem->type = MEM_INVALID;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  }
>  
>  void
>  mem_set_ptr(struct Mem *mem, void *ptr)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Ptr;
> +	mem->type = MEM_PTR;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->u.p = ptr;
>  }
>  
> @@ -474,7 +488,8 @@ void
>  mem_set_frame(struct Mem *mem, struct VdbeFrame *frame)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Frame;
> +	mem->type = MEM_FRAME;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->u.pFrame = frame;
>  }
>  
> @@ -488,7 +503,8 @@ mem_set_agg(struct Mem *mem, struct func *func, int size)
>  		return -1;
>  	memset(mem->z, 0, size);
>  	mem->n = size;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Agg;
> +	mem->type = MEM_AGG;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->u.func = func;
>  	mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
>  	return 0;
> @@ -498,19 +514,21 @@ void
>  mem_set_null_clear(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(mem);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Null | MEM_Cleared;
> +	mem->flags = MEM_Cleared;
>  }
>  
>  static inline int
>  int_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
>  	double d;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT)
>  		d = (double)mem->u.u;
>  	else
>  		d = (double)mem->u.i;
>  	mem->u.r = d;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Real;
> +	mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -518,8 +536,9 @@ int_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  int_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
>  	const char *str;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT)
>  		str = tt_sprintf("%llu", mem->u.u);
>  	else
>  		str = tt_sprintf("%lld", mem->u.i);
> @@ -529,8 +548,10 @@ int_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  int_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_INT || mem->type == MEM_UINT);
>  	mem->u.b = mem->u.i != 0;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -538,7 +559,7 @@ int_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  str_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags | MEM_Str) != 0);
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
>  	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n + 1, 1) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	mem->z[mem->n] = '\0';
> @@ -550,8 +571,9 @@ str_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  str_to_bin(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	mem->flags = (mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) |
> -		     MEM_Blob;
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
> +	mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +	mem->flags = mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem);
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -559,6 +581,7 @@ str_to_bin(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  str_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR);
>  	char *str = mem->z;
>  	bool b;
>  	const char *str_true = "TRUE";
> @@ -586,10 +609,11 @@ str_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bin_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	if (ExpandBlob(mem) != 0)
>  		return -1;
> -	mem->flags = (mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) |
> -		      MEM_Str;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = mem->flags & (MEM_Dyn | MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem);
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -597,12 +621,14 @@ bin_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bin_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	if (ExpandBlob(mem) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n + 1, 1) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	mem->z[mem->n] = '\0';
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Term;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = MEM_Term;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -610,6 +636,7 @@ bin_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bytes_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	bool is_neg;
>  	int64_t i;
>  	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &i, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0)
> @@ -621,6 +648,7 @@ bytes_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bytes_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	bool is_neg;
>  	int64_t i;
>  	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &i, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0)
> @@ -634,6 +662,7 @@ bytes_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bytes_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	double d;
>  	if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, &d, mem->n) == 0)
>  		return -1;
> @@ -644,16 +673,19 @@ bytes_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	double d = mem->u.r;
>  	if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN) {
>  		mem->u.i = (int64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
> +		mem->type = MEM_INT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
>  		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -663,16 +695,19 @@ double_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	double d = mem->u.r;
>  	if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN && (double)(int64_t)d == d) {
>  		mem->u.i = (int64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
> +		mem->type = MEM_INT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX && (double)(uint64_t)d == d) {
>  		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -682,10 +717,12 @@ double_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	double d = mem->u.r;
>  	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
>  		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -695,10 +732,12 @@ double_to_uint(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_uint_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	double d = mem->u.r;
>  	if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX && (double)(uint64_t)d == d) {
>  		mem->u.u = (uint64_t)d;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -708,11 +747,13 @@ double_to_uint_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, BUF_SIZE, 0) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, mem->z, "%!.15g", mem->u.r);
>  	mem->n = strlen(mem->z);
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Term;
> +	mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +	mem->flags = MEM_Term;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -720,8 +761,10 @@ double_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  double_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  	mem->u.b = mem->u.r != 0.;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
> +	mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -729,8 +772,10 @@ double_to_bool(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bool_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_BOOL);
>  	mem->u.u = (uint64_t)mem->u.b;
> -	mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +	mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +	mem->flags = 0;
>  	mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED;
>  	return 0;
>  }
> @@ -738,6 +783,7 @@ bool_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  bool_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_BOOL);
>  	const char *str = mem->u.b ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
>  	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
>  }
> @@ -745,6 +791,7 @@ bool_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  array_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_ARRAY);
>  	const char *str = mp_str(mem->z);
>  	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
>  }
> @@ -752,6 +799,7 @@ array_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  static inline int
>  map_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_MAP);
>  	const char *str = mp_str(mem->z);
>  	return mem_copy_str0(mem, str);
>  }
> @@ -759,14 +807,15 @@ map_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  int
>  mem_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN)
>  		return bytes_to_int(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  		return double_to_int(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_BOOL)
>  		return bool_to_int(mem);
>  	return -1;
>  }
> @@ -774,12 +823,13 @@ mem_to_int(struct Mem *mem)
>  int
>  mem_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_STR)
>  		return bytes_to_int(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  		return double_to_int_precise(mem);
>  	return -1;
>  }
> @@ -787,12 +837,13 @@ mem_to_int_precise(struct Mem *mem)
>  int
>  mem_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  		return int_to_double(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_STR)
>  		return bytes_to_double(mem);
>  	return -1;
>  }
> @@ -800,12 +851,13 @@ mem_to_double(struct Mem *mem)
>  int
>  mem_to_number(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +	if (type == MEM_BOOL)
>  		return bool_to_int(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
> +	if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN) {
>  		if (bytes_to_int(mem) == 0)
>  			return 0;
>  		return bytes_to_double(mem);
> @@ -816,72 +868,78 @@ mem_to_number(struct Mem *mem)
>  int
>  mem_to_str0(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Term)) == (MEM_Str | MEM_Term))
> -		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	switch (mem->type) {
> +	case MEM_STR:
> +		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Term) != 0)
> +			return 0;
>  		return str_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +	case MEM_INT:
> +	case MEM_UINT:
>  		return int_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  		return double_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> -		return bool_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0) {
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
> -			return bin_to_str0(mem);
> -		if (mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP)
> -			return map_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_BIN:
> +		return bin_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_MAP:
> +		return map_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_ARRAY:
>  		return array_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
> +		return bool_to_str0(mem);
> +	default:
> +		return -1;
>  	}
> -	return -1;
>  }
>  
>  int
>  mem_to_str(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) != 0);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	switch (mem->type) {
> +	case MEM_STR:
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +	case MEM_INT:
> +	case MEM_UINT:
>  		return int_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  		return double_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> -		return bool_to_str0(mem);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0) {
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0)
> -			return bin_to_str(mem);
> -		if (mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP)
> -			return map_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_BIN:
> +		return bin_to_str(mem);
> +	case MEM_MAP:
> +		return map_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_ARRAY:
>  		return array_to_str0(mem);
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
> +		return bool_to_str0(mem);
> +	default:
> +		return -1;
>  	}
> -	return -1;
>  }
>  
>  int
> -mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
> +mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> -		mem->field_type = type;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_NULL) {
> +		mem->field_type = field_type;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	switch (type) {
> +	switch (field_type) {
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +		switch (type) {
> +		case MEM_UINT:
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
> -			return -1;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
> -		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
> -			return -1;
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
> +		case MEM_STR:
> +		case MEM_BIN:
>  			return bytes_to_uint(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  			return double_to_int(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +		case MEM_BOOL:
>  			return bool_to_int(mem);
> -		return -1;
> +		default:
> +			return -1;
> +		}
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
>  		return mem_to_str(mem);
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
> @@ -889,26 +947,29 @@ mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
>  		return mem_to_int(mem);
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +		switch (type) {
> +		case MEM_BOOL:
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_UInt | MEM_Int)) != 0)
> +		case MEM_INT:
> +		case MEM_UINT:
>  			return int_to_bool(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		case MEM_STR:
>  			return str_to_bool(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  			return double_to_bool(mem);
> -		return -1;
> +		default:
> +			return -1;
> +		}
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return str_to_bin(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
>  		return mem_to_number(mem);
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
> -		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return -1;
>  		return 0;
>  	default:
> @@ -918,58 +979,58 @@ mem_cast_explicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
>  }
>  
>  int
> -mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
> +mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> -		mem->field_type = type;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_NULL) {
> +		mem->field_type = field_type;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	switch (type) {
> +	switch (field_type) {
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return double_to_uint(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return int_to_double(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return double_to_int(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_BOOL)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_MAP:
> -		if (mem_is_map(mem))
> +		if (type == MEM_MAP)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY:
> -		if (mem_is_array(mem))
> +		if (type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
> -		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return -1;
>  		return 0;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_ANY:
> @@ -981,68 +1042,68 @@ mem_cast_implicit(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
>  }
>  
>  int
> -mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
> +mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type field_type)
>  {
> -	if (mem_is_null(mem))
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	if (type == MEM_NULL)
>  		return 0;
> -	switch (type) {
> +	switch (field_type) {
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_UNSIGNED:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return double_to_uint_precise(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return bytes_to_uint(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR || type == MEM_BIN)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return int_to_str0(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return double_to_str0(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return int_to_double(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return bin_to_str(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER:
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return bytes_to_int(mem);
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return double_to_int_precise(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_BOOL)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_BIN)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_NUMBER:
> -		if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_DOUBLE)
>  			return 0;
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_STR)
>  			return mem_to_number(mem);
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_MAP:
> -		if (mem_is_map(mem))
> +		if (type == MEM_MAP)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY:
> -		if (mem_is_array(mem))
> +		if (type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return 0;
>  		return -1;
>  	case FIELD_TYPE_SCALAR:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0 &&
> -		    (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY)
>  			return -1;
>  		return 0;
>  	default:
> @@ -1054,19 +1115,19 @@ mem_cast_implicit_old(struct Mem *mem, enum field_type type)
>  int
>  mem_get_int(const struct Mem *mem, int64_t *i, bool *is_neg)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
>  		*i = mem->u.i;
>  		*is_neg = true;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  		*i = mem->u.i;
>  		*is_neg = false;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN)
>  		return sql_atoi64(mem->z, i, is_neg, mem->n);
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		double d = mem->u.r;
>  		if (d < 0 && d >= (double)INT64_MIN) {
>  			*i = (int64_t)d;
> @@ -1086,20 +1147,20 @@ mem_get_int(const struct Mem *mem, int64_t *i, bool *is_neg)
>  int
>  mem_get_uint(const struct Mem *mem, uint64_t *u)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_INT)
>  		return -1;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  		*u = mem->u.u;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_STR || mem->type == MEM_BIN) {
>  		bool is_neg;
>  		if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, (int64_t *)u, &is_neg, mem->n) != 0 ||
>  		    is_neg)
>  			return -1;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		double d = mem->u.r;
>  		if (d >= 0 && d < (double)UINT64_MAX) {
>  			*u = (uint64_t)d;
> @@ -1113,19 +1174,19 @@ mem_get_uint(const struct Mem *mem, uint64_t *u)
>  int
>  mem_get_double(const struct Mem *mem, double *d)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		*d = mem->u.r;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
>  		*d = (double)mem->u.i;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  		*d = (double)mem->u.u;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_STR) {
>  		if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, d, mem->n) == 0)
>  			return -1;
>  		return 0;
> @@ -1136,7 +1197,7 @@ mem_get_double(const struct Mem *mem, double *d)
>  int
>  mem_get_bool(const struct Mem *mem, bool *b)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_BOOL) {
>  		*b = mem->u.b;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> @@ -1146,7 +1207,7 @@ mem_get_bool(const struct Mem *mem, bool *b)
>  int
>  mem_get_str0(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Term) == 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_STR || (mem->flags & MEM_Term) == 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	*s = mem->z;
>  	return 0;
> @@ -1155,11 +1216,11 @@ mem_get_str0(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
>  int
>  mem_get_bin(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_STR) {
>  		*s = mem->n > 0 ? mem->z : NULL;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_BIN || (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	*s = mem->z;
>  	return 0;
> @@ -1168,9 +1229,9 @@ mem_get_bin(const struct Mem *mem, const char **s)
>  int
>  mem_len(const struct Mem *mem, uint32_t *len)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_STR && mem->type != MEM_BIN)
>  		return -1;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Blob) !=0 && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_BIN && (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
>  		*len = mem->n + mem->u.nZero;
>  	else
>  		*len = mem->n;
> @@ -1180,7 +1241,7 @@ mem_len(const struct Mem *mem, uint32_t *len)
>  int
>  mem_get_agg(const struct Mem *mem, void **accum)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Agg) == 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_AGG)
>  		return -1;
>  	*accum = mem->z;
>  	return 0;
> @@ -1191,16 +1252,17 @@ mem_copy(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(to);
>  	to->u = from->u;
> +	to->type = from->type;
>  	to->flags = from->flags;
> -	to->subtype = from->subtype;
>  	to->field_type = from->field_type;
>  	to->n = from->n;
>  	to->z = from->z;
> -	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
> +	if (!mem_is_bytes(to))
>  		return 0;
>  	if ((to->flags & MEM_Static) != 0)
>  		return 0;
> -	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Zero | MEM_Blob)) == (MEM_Zero | MEM_Blob))
> +	assert((to->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || to->type == MEM_BIN);
> +	if ((to->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0)
>  		return sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(to);
>  	to->zMalloc = sqlDbReallocOrFree(to->db, to->zMalloc, to->n);
>  	if (to->zMalloc == NULL)
> @@ -1208,7 +1270,7 @@ mem_copy(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
>  	to->szMalloc = sqlDbMallocSize(to->db, to->zMalloc);
>  	memcpy(to->zMalloc, to->z, to->n);
>  	to->z = to->zMalloc;
> -	to->flags &= (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob | MEM_Term | MEM_Subtype);
> +	to->flags &= MEM_Term;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1217,16 +1279,16 @@ mem_copy_as_ephemeral(struct Mem *to, const struct Mem *from)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(to);
>  	to->u = from->u;
> +	to->type = from->type;
>  	to->flags = from->flags;
> -	to->subtype = from->subtype;
>  	to->field_type = from->field_type;
>  	to->n = from->n;
>  	to->z = from->z;
> -	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
> +	if (!mem_is_bytes(to))
>  		return;
>  	if ((to->flags & (MEM_Static | MEM_Ephem)) != 0)
>  		return;
> -	to->flags &= (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob | MEM_Term | MEM_Zero | MEM_Subtype);
> +	to->flags &= MEM_Term | MEM_Zero;
>  	to->flags |= MEM_Ephem;
>  	return;
>  }
> @@ -1236,7 +1298,8 @@ mem_move(struct Mem *to, struct Mem *from)
>  {
>  	mem_destroy(to);
>  	memcpy(to, from, sizeof(*to));
> -	from->flags = MEM_Null;
> +	from->type = MEM_NULL;
> +	from->flags = 0;
>  	from->szMalloc = 0;
>  	from->zMalloc = NULL;
>  }
> @@ -1247,7 +1310,7 @@ try_return_null(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result,
>  {
>  	mem_clear(result);
>  	result->field_type = type;
> -	return (((a->flags | b->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0);
> +	return a->type == MEM_NULL || b->type == MEM_NULL;
>  }
>  
>  int
> @@ -1258,7 +1321,7 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
>  		if (try_return_null(a, b, result, FIELD_TYPE_STRING))
>  			return 0;
>  	} else {
> -		if (((a->flags | b->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> +		if (a->type == MEM_NULL || b->type == MEM_NULL) {
>  			mem_clear(a);
>  			result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  			return 0;
> @@ -1266,19 +1329,19 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
>  	}
>  
>  	/* Concatenation operation can be applied only to strings and blobs. */
> -	if ((b->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0) {
> +	if (b->type != MEM_STR && b->type != MEM_BIN) {
>  		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
>  			 "text or varbinary", mem_type_to_str(b));
>  		return -1;
>  	}
> -	if ((a->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0) {
> +	if (a->type != MEM_STR && a->type != MEM_BIN) {
>  		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
>  			 "text or varbinary", mem_type_to_str(a));
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  
>  	/* Moreover, both operands must be of the same type. */
> -	if ((b->flags & MEM_Str) != (a->flags & MEM_Str)) {
> +	if (b->type != a->type) {
>  		diag_set(ClientError, ER_INCONSISTENT_TYPES,
>  			 mem_type_to_str(a), mem_type_to_str(b));
>  		return -1;
> @@ -1295,8 +1358,9 @@ mem_concat(struct Mem *a, struct Mem *b, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(result, size, result == a) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	result->flags = a->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob);
> -	if ((result->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0)
> +	result->type = a->type;
> +	result->flags = 0;
> +	if (result->type == MEM_BIN)
>  		result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  	if (result != a)
>  		memcpy(result->z, a->z, a->n);
> @@ -1311,36 +1375,34 @@ struct sql_num {
>  		uint64_t u;
>  		double d;
>  	};
> -	int type;
> +	enum mem_type type;
>  	bool is_neg;
>  };
>  
>  static int
>  get_number(const struct Mem *mem, struct sql_num *number)
>  {
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		number->d = mem->u.r;
> -		number->type = MEM_Real;
> +		number->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_INT) {
>  		number->i = mem->u.i;
> -		number->type = MEM_Int;
> +		number->type = MEM_INT;
>  		number->is_neg = true;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  		number->u = mem->u.u;
> -		number->type = MEM_UInt;
> +		number->type = MEM_UINT;
>  		number->is_neg = false;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) == 0)
> -		return -1;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type != MEM_STR && mem->type != MEM_BIN)
>  		return -1;
>  	if (sql_atoi64(mem->z, &number->i, &number->is_neg, mem->n) == 0) {
> -		number->type = number->is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +		number->type = number->is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
>  		/*
>  		 * The next line should be removed along with the is_neg field
>  		 * of struct sql_num. The integer type tells us about the sign.
> @@ -1351,7 +1413,7 @@ get_number(const struct Mem *mem, struct sql_num *number)
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  	if (sqlAtoF(mem->z, &number->d, mem->n) != 0) {
> -		number->type = MEM_Real;
> +		number->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  	return -1;
> @@ -1372,14 +1434,14 @@ arithmetic_prepare(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	assert(a->type != 0 && b->type != 0);
> -	if (a->type == MEM_Real && b->type != MEM_Real) {
> -		b->d = b->type == MEM_Int ? (double)b->i : (double)b->u;
> -		b->type = MEM_Real;
> +	if (a->type == MEM_DOUBLE && b->type != MEM_DOUBLE) {
> +		b->d = b->type == MEM_INT ? (double)b->i : (double)b->u;
> +		b->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if (a->type != MEM_Real && b->type == MEM_Real) {
> -		a->d = a->type == MEM_Int ? (double)a->i : (double)a->u;
> -		a->type = MEM_Real;
> +	if (a->type != MEM_DOUBLE && b->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
> +		a->d = a->type == MEM_INT ? (double)a->i : (double)a->u;
> +		a->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  	return 0;
> @@ -1395,10 +1457,11 @@ mem_add(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
> +	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
> +	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		result->u.r = a.d + b.d;
> -		result->flags = MEM_Real;
> +		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +		result->flags = 0;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  
> @@ -1409,7 +1472,8 @@ mem_add(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = res;
> -	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1423,10 +1487,11 @@ mem_sub(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
> +	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
> +	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		result->u.r = a.d - b.d;
> -		result->flags = MEM_Real;
> +		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +		result->flags = 0;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  
> @@ -1437,7 +1502,8 @@ mem_sub(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = res;
> -	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1451,10 +1517,11 @@ mem_mul(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
> +	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
> +	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		result->u.r = a.d * b.d;
> -		result->flags = MEM_Real;
> +		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +		result->flags = 0;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  
> @@ -1465,7 +1532,8 @@ mem_mul(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = res;
> -	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1479,15 +1547,16 @@ mem_div(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
> +	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
> +	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  		if (b.d == 0.) {
>  			diag_set(ClientError, ER_SQL_EXECUTE,
>  				 "division by zero");
>  			return -1;
>  		}
>  		result->u.r = a.d / b.d;
> -		result->flags = MEM_Real;
> +		result->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +		result->flags = 0;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
>  
> @@ -1502,7 +1571,8 @@ mem_div(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = res;
> -	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1516,14 +1586,14 @@ mem_rem(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (arithmetic_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  
> -	assert(a.type != MEM_Real || a.type == b.type);
> +	assert(a.type != MEM_DOUBLE || a.type == b.type);
>  	/*
>  	 * TODO: This operation works wrong when double d > INT64_MAX and
>  	 * d < UINT64_MAX. Also, there may be precision losses due to
>  	 * conversion integer to double and back.
>  	 */
> -	a.i = a.type == MEM_Real ? (int64_t)a.d : a.i;
> -	b.i = b.type == MEM_Real ? (int64_t)b.d : b.i;
> +	a.i = a.type == MEM_DOUBLE ? (int64_t)a.d : a.i;
> +	b.i = b.type == MEM_DOUBLE ? (int64_t)b.d : b.i;
>  	if (b.i == 0) {
>  		diag_set(ClientError, ER_SQL_EXECUTE, "division by zero");
>  		return -1;
> @@ -1535,7 +1605,8 @@ mem_rem(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = res;
> -	result->flags = is_neg ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = is_neg ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1567,7 +1638,8 @@ mem_bit_and(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (bitwise_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	result->u.i = a & b;
> -	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1581,7 +1653,8 @@ mem_bit_or(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, struct Mem *result)
>  	if (bitwise_prepare(left, right, &a, &b) != 0)
>  		return -1;
>  	result->u.i = a | b;
> -	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1603,7 +1676,8 @@ mem_shift_left(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
>  		result->u.i = 0;
>  	else
>  		result->u.i = a << b;
> -	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1625,7 +1699,8 @@ mem_shift_right(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right,
>  		result->u.i = a >= 0 ? 0 : -1;
>  	else
>  		result->u.i = a >> b;
> -	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -1634,7 +1709,7 @@ mem_bit_not(const struct Mem *mem, struct Mem *result)
>  {
>  	mem_clear(result);
>  	result->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
> -	if ((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0)
> +	if (mem->type == MEM_NULL)
>  		return 0;
>  	int64_t i;
>  	bool unused;
> @@ -1644,14 +1719,15 @@ mem_bit_not(const struct Mem *mem, struct Mem *result)
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  	result->u.i = ~i;
> -	result->flags = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_Int : MEM_UInt;
> +	result->type = result->u.i < 0 ? MEM_INT : MEM_UINT;
> +	result->flags = 0;
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
>  int
>  mem_cmp_bool(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
>  {
> -	if ((a->flags & b->flags & MEM_Bool) == 0)
> +	if (a->type != MEM_BOOL || b->type != MEM_BOOL)
>  		return -1;
>  	if (a->u.b == b->u.b)
>  		*result = 0;
> @@ -1665,7 +1741,7 @@ mem_cmp_bool(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
>  int
>  mem_cmp_bin(const struct Mem *a, const struct Mem *b, int *result)
>  {
> -	if ((a->flags & b->flags & MEM_Blob) == 0)
> +	if (a->type != MEM_BIN || b->type != MEM_BIN)
>  		return -1;
>  	int an = a->n;
>  	int bn = b->n;
> @@ -1722,8 +1798,8 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
>  	}
>  	if (get_number(left, &a) != 0)
>  		return -1;
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Real) {
> -		if (b.type == MEM_Real) {
> +	if (a.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
> +		if (b.type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  			if (a.d > b.d)
>  				*result = 1;
>  			else if (a.d < b.d)
> @@ -1732,14 +1808,14 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
>  				*result = 0;
>  			return 0;
>  		}
> -		if (b.type == MEM_Int)
> +		if (b.type == MEM_INT)
>  			*result = double_compare_nint64(a.d, b.i, 1);
>  		else
>  			*result = double_compare_uint64(a.d, b.u, 1);
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if (a.type == MEM_Int) {
> -		if (b.type == MEM_Int) {
> +	if (a.type == MEM_INT) {
> +		if (b.type == MEM_INT) {
>  			if (a.i > b.i)
>  				*result = 1;
>  			else if (a.i < b.i)
> @@ -1748,14 +1824,14 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
>  				*result = 0;
>  			return 0;
>  		}
> -		if (b.type == MEM_UInt)
> +		if (b.type == MEM_UINT)
>  			*result = -1;
>  		else
>  			*result = double_compare_nint64(b.d, a.i, -1);
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	assert(a.type == MEM_UInt);
> -	if (b.type == MEM_UInt) {
> +	assert(a.type == MEM_UINT);
> +	if (b.type == MEM_UINT) {
>  		if (a.u > b.u)
>  			*result = 1;
>  		else if (a.u < b.u)
> @@ -1764,7 +1840,7 @@ mem_cmp_num(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result)
>  			*result = 0;
>  		return 0;
>  	}
> -	if (b.type == MEM_Int)
> +	if (b.type == MEM_INT)
>  		*result = 1;
>  	else
>  		*result = double_compare_uint64(b.d, a.u, -1);
> @@ -1778,15 +1854,17 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
>  	char *a;
>  	uint32_t an;
>  	char bufl[BUF_SIZE];
> -	if ((left->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
> +	if (left->type == MEM_STR) {
>  		a = left->z;
>  		an = left->n;
>  	} else {
> -		assert((left->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0);
> +		enum mem_type type = left->type;
> +		assert(type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT ||
> +		       type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  		a = &bufl[0];
> -		if ((left->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT)
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%lld", left->u.i);
> -		else if ((left->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +		else if (type == MEM_UINT)
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%llu", left->u.u);
>  		else
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, a, "%!.15g", left->u.r);
> @@ -1796,15 +1874,17 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
>  	char *b;
>  	uint32_t bn;
>  	char bufr[BUF_SIZE];
> -	if ((right->flags & MEM_Str) != 0) {
> +	if (right->type == MEM_STR) {
>  		b = right->z;
>  		bn = right->n;
>  	} else {
> -		assert((right->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0);
> +		enum mem_type type = right->type;
> +		assert(type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_UINT ||
> +		       type == MEM_DOUBLE);
>  		b = &bufr[0];
> -		if ((right->flags & MEM_Int) != 0)
> +		if (type == MEM_INT)
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%lld", right->u.i);
> -		else if ((right->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0)
> +		else if (type == MEM_UINT)
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%llu", right->u.u);
>  		else
>  			sql_snprintf(BUF_SIZE, b, "%!.15g", right->u.r);
> @@ -1822,13 +1902,6 @@ mem_cmp_str(const struct Mem *left, const struct Mem *right, int *result,
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> -static inline bool
> -mem_has_msgpack_subtype(struct Mem *mem)
> -{
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 &&
> -	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
> -}
> -
>  /*
>   * Both *pMem1 and *pMem2 contain string values. Compare the two values
>   * using the collation sequence pColl. As usual, return a negative , zero
> @@ -1864,20 +1937,22 @@ char *
>  mem_type_to_str(const struct Mem *p)
>  {
>  	assert(p != NULL);
> -	switch (p->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
> -	case MEM_Null:
> +	switch (p->type) {
> +	case MEM_NULL:
>  		return "NULL";
> -	case MEM_Str:
> +	case MEM_STR:
>  		return "text";
> -	case MEM_Int:
> +	case MEM_INT:
>  		return "integer";
> -	case MEM_UInt:
> +	case MEM_UINT:
>  		return "unsigned";
> -	case MEM_Real:
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  		return "real";
> -	case MEM_Blob:
> +	case MEM_ARRAY:
> +	case MEM_MAP:
> +	case MEM_BIN:
>  		return "varbinary";
> -	case MEM_Bool:
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
>  		return "boolean";
>  	default:
>  		unreachable();
> @@ -1887,28 +1962,8 @@ mem_type_to_str(const struct Mem *p)
>  enum mp_type
>  mem_mp_type(struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
> -	case MEM_Int:
> -		return MP_INT;
> -	case MEM_UInt:
> -		return MP_UINT;
> -	case MEM_Real:
> -		return MP_DOUBLE;
> -	case MEM_Str:
> -		return MP_STR;
> -	case MEM_Blob:
> -		if ((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
> -		     mem->subtype != SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK)
> -			return MP_BIN;
> -		assert(mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP ||
> -		       mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_ARRAY);
> -		return mp_typeof(*mem->z);
> -	case MEM_Bool:
> -		return MP_BOOL;
> -	case MEM_Null:
> -		return MP_NIL;
> -	default: unreachable();
> -	}
> +	assert(mem->type < MEM_INVALID);
> +	return (enum mp_type)mem->type;
>  }
>  
>  /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-12793-43283 Every value in sql has one of five
> @@ -1944,11 +1999,6 @@ sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(Mem * p)
>  	 */
>  	assert((p->flags & MEM_Dyn) == 0 || p->szMalloc == 0);
>  
> -	/* Cannot be both MEM_Int and MEM_Real at the same time */
> -	assert((p->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_Real)) != (MEM_Int | MEM_Real));
> -	/* Can't be both UInt and Int at the same time.  */
> -	assert((p->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt));
> -
>  	/* The szMalloc field holds the correct memory allocation size */
>  	assert(p->szMalloc == 0 ||
>  	       p->szMalloc == sqlDbMallocSize(p->db, p->zMalloc));
> @@ -1961,7 +2011,7 @@ sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(Mem * p)
>  	 *   (3) An ephemeral string or blob
>  	 *   (4) A static string or blob
>  	 */
> -	if ((p->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) && p->n > 0) {
> +	if ((p->type == MEM_STR || p->type == MEM_BIN) && p->n > 0) {
>  		assert(((p->szMalloc > 0 && p->z == p->zMalloc) ? 1 : 0) +
>  		       ((p->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0 ? 1 : 0) +
>  		       ((p->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0 ? 1 : 0) +
> @@ -1980,7 +2030,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
>  	char *zCsr = zBuf;
>  	int f = pMem->flags;
>  
> -	if (f&MEM_Blob) {
> +	if (pMem->type == MEM_BIN) {
>  		int i;
>  		char c;
>  		if (f & MEM_Dyn) {
> @@ -2016,7 +2066,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
>  			zCsr += sqlStrlen30(zCsr);
>  		}
>  		*zCsr = '\0';
> -	} else if (f & MEM_Str) {
> +	} else if (pMem->type == MEM_STR) {
>  		int j, k;
>  		zBuf[0] = ' ';
>  		if (f & MEM_Dyn) {
> @@ -2056,26 +2106,34 @@ sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, char *zBuf)
>  static void
>  memTracePrint(Mem *p)
>  {
> -	if (p->flags & MEM_Undefined) {
> -		printf(" undefined");
> -	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Null) {
> +	switch (p->type) {
> +	case MEM_NULL:
>  		printf(" NULL");
> -	} else if ((p->flags & (MEM_Int|MEM_Str))==(MEM_Int|MEM_Str)) {
> -		printf(" si:%lld", p->u.i);
> -	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Int) {
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_INT:
>  		printf(" i:%lld", p->u.i);
> -	} else if (p->flags & MEM_UInt) {
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_UINT:
>  		printf(" u:%"PRIu64"", p->u.u);
> -	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Real) {
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  		printf(" r:%g", p->u.r);
> -	} else if (p->flags & MEM_Bool) {
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_INVALID:
> +		printf(" undefined");
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
>  		printf(" bool:%s", SQL_TOKEN_BOOLEAN(p->u.b));
> -	} else {
> +		return;
> +	default: {
>  		char zBuf[200];
>  		sqlVdbeMemPrettyPrint(p, zBuf);
>  		printf(" %s", zBuf);
> +		if (p->type == MEM_MAP || p->type == MEM_ARRAY)
> +			printf(" subtype=0x%02x", SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
> +		return;
> +	}
>  	}
> -	if (p->flags & MEM_Subtype) printf(" subtype=0x%02x", p->subtype);
>  }
>  
>  void
> @@ -2095,7 +2153,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem * pMem)
>  {
>  	int nByte;
>  	assert(pMem->flags & MEM_Zero);
> -	assert(pMem->flags & MEM_Blob);
> +	assert(pMem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  
>  	/* Set nByte to the number of bytes required to store the expanded blob. */
>  	nByte = pMem->n + pMem->u.nZero;
> @@ -2121,7 +2179,7 @@ sqlVdbeMemGrow(struct Mem *pMem, int n, int bPreserve)
>  	/* If the bPreserve flag is set to true, then the memory cell must already
>  	 * contain a valid string or blob value.
>  	 */
> -	assert(bPreserve == 0 || pMem->flags & (MEM_Blob | MEM_Str));
> +	assert(bPreserve == 0 || mem_is_bytes(pMem));
>  	testcase(bPreserve && pMem->z == 0);
>  
>  	assert(pMem->szMalloc == 0 ||
> @@ -2168,9 +2226,8 @@ sqlVdbeMemGrow(struct Mem *pMem, int n, int bPreserve)
>   * routine is a no-op.
>   *
>   * Any prior string or blob content in the pMem object may be discarded.
> - * The pMem->xDel destructor is called, if it exists.  Though MEM_Str
> - * and MEM_Blob values may be discarded, MEM_Int, MEM_Real, and MEM_Null
> - * values are preserved.
> + * The pMem->xDel destructor is called, if it exists. Though STRING, VARBINARY,
> + * MAP and ARRAY values may be discarded, all other values are preserved.
>   *
>   * Return 0 on success or -1 if unable to complete the resizing.
>   */
> @@ -2184,7 +2241,6 @@ sqlVdbeMemClearAndResize(Mem * pMem, int szNew)
>  	}
>  	assert((pMem->flags & MEM_Dyn) == 0);
>  	pMem->z = pMem->zMalloc;
> -	pMem->flags &= (MEM_Null | MEM_Int | MEM_Real);
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> @@ -2208,7 +2264,8 @@ sqlValueNew(sql * db)
>  {
>  	Mem *p = sqlDbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*p));
>  	if (p) {
> -		p->flags = MEM_Null;
> +		p->type = MEM_NULL;
> +		p->flags = 0;
>  		p->db = db;
>  	}
>  	return p;
> @@ -2223,7 +2280,8 @@ releaseMemArray(Mem * p, int N)
>  			assert((&p[1]) == pEnd || p[0].db == p[1].db);
>  			assert(sqlVdbeCheckMemInvariants(p));
>  			mem_destroy(p);
> -			p->flags = MEM_Undefined;
> +			p->type = MEM_INVALID;
> +			p->flags = 0;
>  		} while ((++p) < pEnd);
>  	}
>  }
> @@ -2236,7 +2294,7 @@ int
>  sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem * p)
>  {
>  	assert(p->db != 0);
> -	if (p->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) {
> +	if (mem_is_bytes(p)) {
>  		int n = p->n;
>  		if (p->flags & MEM_Zero) {
>  			n += p->u.nZero;
> @@ -2258,40 +2316,36 @@ sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem * p)
>  int
>  sqlMemCompare(const Mem * pMem1, const Mem * pMem2, const struct coll * pColl)
>  {
> -	int f1, f2;
>  	int res;
> -	int combined_flags;
>  
> -	f1 = pMem1->flags;
> -	f2 = pMem2->flags;
> -	combined_flags = f1 | f2;
> +	enum mem_type type1 = pMem1->type;
> +	enum mem_type type2 = pMem2->type;
>  
>  	/* If one value is NULL, it is less than the other. If both values
>  	 * are NULL, return 0.
>  	 */
> -	if (combined_flags & MEM_Null) {
> -		return (f2 & MEM_Null) - (f1 & MEM_Null);
> -	}
> +	if (type1 == MEM_NULL || type2 == MEM_NULL)
> +		return (int)(type2 == MEM_NULL) - (int)(type1 == MEM_NULL);
>  
> -	if ((combined_flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> -		if ((f1 & f2 & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +	if (type1 == MEM_BOOL || type2 == MEM_BOOL) {
> +		if (type1 == MEM_BOOL && type2 == MEM_BOOL) {
>  			if (pMem1->u.b == pMem2->u.b)
>  				return 0;
>  			if (pMem1->u.b)
>  				return 1;
>  			return -1;
>  		}
> -		if ((f2 & MEM_Bool) != 0)
> +		if (type2 == MEM_BOOL)
>  			return +1;
>  		return -1;
>  	}
>  
>  	/* At least one of the two values is a number
>  	 */
> -	if ((combined_flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt | MEM_Real)) != 0) {
> -		if ((f1 & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) == 0)
> +	if (mem_is_num(pMem1) || mem_is_num(pMem2)) {
> +		if (!mem_is_num(pMem1))
>  			return +1;
> -		if ((f2 & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) == 0)
> +		if (!mem_is_num(pMem2))
>  			return -1;
>  		mem_cmp_num(pMem1, pMem2, &res);
>  		return res;
> @@ -2300,11 +2354,11 @@ sqlMemCompare(const Mem * pMem1, const Mem * pMem2, const struct coll * pColl)
>  	/* If one value is a string and the other is a blob, the string is less.
>  	 * If both are strings, compare using the collating functions.
>  	 */
> -	if (combined_flags & MEM_Str) {
> -		if ((f1 & MEM_Str) == 0) {
> +	if (type1 == MEM_STR || type2 == MEM_STR) {
> +		if (type1 != MEM_STR) {
>  			return 1;
>  		}
> -		if ((f2 & MEM_Str) == 0) {
> +		if (type2 != MEM_STR) {
>  			return -1;
>  		}
>  		mem_cmp_str(pMem1, pMem2, &res, pColl);
> @@ -2322,12 +2376,13 @@ sql_vdbemem_finalize(struct Mem *mem, struct func *func)
>  	assert(func != NULL);
>  	assert(func->def->language == FUNC_LANGUAGE_SQL_BUILTIN);
>  	assert(func->def->aggregate == FUNC_AGGREGATE_GROUP);
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0 || func == mem->u.func);
> +	assert(mem->type == MEM_NULL || func == mem->u.func);
>  	sql_context ctx;
>  	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
>  	Mem t;
>  	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
> -	t.flags = MEM_Null;
> +	t.type = MEM_NULL;
> +	t.flags = 0;
>  	t.db = mem->db;
>  	t.field_type = field_type_MAX;
>  	ctx.pOut = &t;
> @@ -2356,35 +2411,35 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  			break;
>  		}
>  	case MP_NIL:{
> -			rc = -((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) == 0);
> +			rc = -(pKey2->type != MEM_NULL);
>  			mp_decode_nil(&aKey1);
>  			break;
>  		}
>  	case MP_BOOL:{
>  			mem1.u.b = mp_decode_bool(&aKey1);
> -			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
>  				if (mem1.u.b != pKey2->u.b)
>  					rc = mem1.u.b ? 1 : -1;
>  			} else {
> -				rc = (pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0 ? 1 : -1;
> +				rc = pKey2->type == MEM_NULL ? 1 : -1;
>  			}
>  			break;
>  		}
>  	case MP_UINT:{
>  			mem1.u.u = mp_decode_uint(&aKey1);
> -			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
>  				rc = +1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  				if (mem1.u.u < pKey2->u.u)
>  					rc = -1;
>  				else if (mem1.u.u > pKey2->u.u)
>  					rc = +1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  				rc = double_compare_uint64(pKey2->u.r,
>  							   mem1.u.u, -1);
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
>  				rc = 1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
>  				rc = 1;
>  			} else {
>  				rc = -1;
> @@ -2393,20 +2448,20 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  		}
>  	case MP_INT:{
>  			mem1.u.i = mp_decode_int(&aKey1);
> -			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  				rc = -1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
>  				if (mem1.u.i < pKey2->u.i) {
>  					rc = -1;
>  				} else if (mem1.u.i > pKey2->u.i) {
>  					rc = +1;
>  				}
> -			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  				rc = double_compare_nint64(pKey2->u.r, mem1.u.i,
>  							   -1);
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
>  				rc = 1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
>  				rc = 1;
>  			} else {
>  				rc = -1;
> @@ -2420,21 +2475,21 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  	case MP_DOUBLE:{
>  			mem1.u.r = mp_decode_double(&aKey1);
>   do_float:
> -			if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Int) != 0) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_INT) {
>  				rc = double_compare_nint64(mem1.u.r, pKey2->u.i,
>  							   1);
> -			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_UInt) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_UINT) {
>  				rc = double_compare_uint64(mem1.u.r,
>  							   pKey2->u.u, 1);
> -			} else if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Real) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_DOUBLE) {
>  				if (mem1.u.r < pKey2->u.r) {
>  					rc = -1;
>  				} else if (mem1.u.r > pKey2->u.r) {
>  					rc = +1;
>  				}
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Null) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_NULL) {
>  				rc = 1;
> -			} else if ((pKey2->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0) {
> +			} else if (pKey2->type == MEM_BOOL) {
>  				rc = 1;
>  			} else {
>  				rc = -1;
> @@ -2442,7 +2497,7 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  			break;
>  		}
>  	case MP_STR:{
> -			if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Str) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_STR) {
>  				struct key_def *key_def = unpacked->key_def;
>  				mem1.n = mp_decode_strl(&aKey1);
>  				mem1.z = (char *)aKey1;
> @@ -2450,14 +2505,15 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  				struct coll *coll =
>  					key_def->parts[key2_idx].coll;
>  				if (coll != NULL) {
> -					mem1.flags = MEM_Str;
> +					mem1.type = MEM_STR;
> +					mem1.flags = 0;
>  					rc = vdbeCompareMemString(&mem1, pKey2,
>  								  coll);
>  				} else {
>  					goto do_bin_cmp;
>  				}
>  			} else {
> -				rc = (pKey2->flags & MEM_Blob) ? -1 : +1;
> +				rc = pKey2->type == MEM_BIN ? -1 : +1;
>  			}
>  			break;
>  		}
> @@ -2466,7 +2522,7 @@ sqlVdbeCompareMsgpack(const char **key1,
>  			mem1.z = (char *)aKey1;
>  			aKey1 += mem1.n;
>   do_blob:
> -			if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Blob) {
> +			if (pKey2->type == MEM_BIN) {
>  				if (pKey2->flags & MEM_Zero) {
>  					if (!isAllZero
>  					    ((const char *)mem1.z, mem1.n)) {
> @@ -2533,8 +2589,8 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
>  		mem->z = (char *)buf;
>  		mp_next(&buf);
>  		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem | MEM_Subtype;
> -		mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
> +		mem->type = MEM_ARRAY;
> +		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_ARRAY;
>  		break;
>  	}
> @@ -2542,8 +2598,8 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
>  		mem->z = (char *)buf;
>  		mp_next(&buf);
>  		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem | MEM_Subtype;
> -		mem->subtype = SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK;
> +		mem->type = MEM_MAP;
> +		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_MAP;
>  		break;
>  	}
> @@ -2551,39 +2607,45 @@ mem_from_mp_ephemeral(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
>  		mem->z = (char *)buf;
>  		mp_next(&buf);
>  		mem->n = buf - mem->z;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem;
> +		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	case MP_NIL: {
>  		mp_decode_nil(&buf);
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Null;
> +		mem->type = MEM_NULL;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = field_type_MAX;
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	case MP_BOOL: {
>  		mem->u.b = mp_decode_bool(&buf);
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Bool;
> +		mem->type = MEM_BOOL;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	case MP_UINT: {
>  		uint64_t v = mp_decode_uint(&buf);
>  		mem->u.u = v;
> -		mem->flags = MEM_UInt;
> +		mem->type = MEM_UINT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	case MP_INT: {
>  		mem->u.i = mp_decode_int(&buf);
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Int;
> +		mem->type = MEM_INT;
> +		mem->flags = 0;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_INTEGER;
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	case MP_STR: {
>  		/* XXX u32->int */
>  		mem->n = (int) mp_decode_strl(&buf);
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Str | MEM_Ephem;
> +		mem->type = MEM_STR;
> +		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_STRING;
>  install_blob:
>  		mem->z = (char *)buf;
> @@ -2593,17 +2655,20 @@ install_blob:
>  	case MP_BIN: {
>  		/* XXX u32->int */
>  		mem->n = (int) mp_decode_binl(&buf);
> -		mem->flags = MEM_Blob | MEM_Ephem;
> +		mem->type = MEM_BIN;
> +		mem->flags = MEM_Ephem;
>  		mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_VARBINARY;
>  		goto install_blob;
>  	}
>  	case MP_FLOAT: {
>  		mem->u.r = mp_decode_float(&buf);
>  		if (sqlIsNaN(mem->u.r)) {
> -			mem->flags = MEM_Null;
> +			mem->type = MEM_NULL;
> +			mem->flags = 0;
>  			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
>  		} else {
> -			mem->flags = MEM_Real;
> +			mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			mem->flags = 0;
>  			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
>  		}
>  		break;
> @@ -2611,10 +2676,12 @@ install_blob:
>  	case MP_DOUBLE: {
>  		mem->u.r = mp_decode_double(&buf);
>  		if (sqlIsNaN(mem->u.r)) {
> -			mem->flags = MEM_Null;
> +			mem->type = MEM_NULL;
> +			mem->flags = 0;
>  			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
>  		} else {
> -			mem->flags = MEM_Real;
> +			mem->type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			mem->flags = 0;
>  			mem->field_type = FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE;
>  		}
>  		break;
> @@ -2631,7 +2698,7 @@ mem_from_mp(struct Mem *mem, const char *buf, uint32_t *len)
>  {
>  	if (mem_from_mp_ephemeral(mem, buf, len) != 0)
>  		return -1;
> -	if ((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0) {
> +	if (mem_is_bytes(mem)) {
>  		assert((mem->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0);
>  		if (sqlVdbeMemGrow(mem, mem->n, 1) != 0)
>  			return -1;
> @@ -2643,35 +2710,41 @@ void
>  mpstream_encode_vdbe_mem(struct mpstream *stream, struct Mem *var)
>  {
>  	assert(memIsValid(var));
> -	int64_t i;
> -	if (var->flags & MEM_Null) {
> +	switch (var->type) {
> +	case MEM_NULL:
>  		mpstream_encode_nil(stream);
> -	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Real) {
> -		mpstream_encode_double(stream, var->u.r);
> -	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Int) {
> -		i = var->u.i;
> -		mpstream_encode_int(stream, i);
> -	} else if (var->flags & MEM_UInt) {
> -		i = var->u.u;
> -		mpstream_encode_uint(stream, i);
> -	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Str) {
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_STR:
>  		mpstream_encode_strn(stream, var->z, var->n);
> -	} else if (var->flags & MEM_Bool) {
> -		mpstream_encode_bool(stream, var->u.b);
> -	} else {
> -		/*
> -		 * Emit BIN header iff the BLOB doesn't store
> -		 * MsgPack content.
> -		 */
> -		if (!mem_has_msgpack_subtype(var)) {
> -			uint32_t binl = var->n +
> -					((var->flags & MEM_Zero) ?
> -					var->u.nZero : 0);
> -			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, binl);
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_INT:
> +		mpstream_encode_int(stream, var->u.i);
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_UINT:
> +		mpstream_encode_uint(stream, var->u.u);
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_DOUBLE:
> +		mpstream_encode_double(stream, var->u.r);
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_BIN:
> +		if ((var->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0) {
> +			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, var->n + var->u.nZero);
> +			mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
> +			mpstream_memset(stream, 0, var->u.nZero);
> +		} else {
> +			mpstream_encode_binl(stream, var->n);
> +			mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
>  		}
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_ARRAY:
> +	case MEM_MAP:
>  		mpstream_memcpy(stream, var->z, var->n);
> -		if (var->flags & MEM_Zero)
> -			mpstream_memset(stream, 0, var->u.nZero);
> +		return;
> +	case MEM_BOOL:
> +		mpstream_encode_bool(stream, var->u.b);
> +		return;
> +	default:
> +		unreachable();
>  	}
>  }
>  
> @@ -2734,24 +2807,26 @@ port_vdbemem_dump_lua(struct port *base, struct lua_State *L, bool is_flat)
>  	assert(is_flat == true);
>  	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < port->mem_count; i++) {
>  		struct Mem *mem = (struct Mem *)port->mem + i;
> -		switch (mem->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) {
> -		case MEM_Int:
> +		switch (mem->type) {
> +		case MEM_INT:
>  			luaL_pushint64(L, mem->u.i);
>  			break;
> -		case MEM_UInt:
> +		case MEM_UINT:
>  			luaL_pushuint64(L, mem->u.u);
>  			break;
> -		case MEM_Real:
> +		case MEM_DOUBLE:
>  			lua_pushnumber(L, mem->u.r);
>  			break;
> -		case MEM_Str:
> -		case MEM_Blob:
> +		case MEM_STR:
> +		case MEM_BIN:
> +		case MEM_MAP:
> +		case MEM_ARRAY:
>  			lua_pushlstring(L, mem->z, mem->n);
>  			break;
> -		case MEM_Null:
> +		case MEM_NULL:
>  			lua_pushnil(L);
>  			break;
> -		case MEM_Bool:
> +		case MEM_BOOL:
>  			lua_pushboolean(L, mem->u.b);
>  			break;
>  		default:
> @@ -2844,23 +2919,28 @@ port_lua_get_vdbemem(struct port *base, uint32_t *size)
>  		mem_clear(&val[i]);
>  		switch (field.type) {
>  		case MP_BOOL:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Bool;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_BOOL;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.b = field.bval;
>  			break;
>  		case MP_FLOAT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.r = field.fval;
>  			break;
>  		case MP_DOUBLE:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.r = field.dval;
>  			break;
>  		case MP_INT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Int;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_INT;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.i = field.ival;
>  			break;
>  		case MP_UINT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_UInt;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_UINT;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.i = field.ival;
>  			break;
>  		case MP_STR:
> @@ -2919,23 +2999,28 @@ port_c_get_vdbemem(struct port *base, uint32_t *size)
>  		const char *str;
>  		switch (mp_typeof(*data)) {
>  		case MP_BOOL:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Bool;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_BOOL;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.b = mp_decode_bool(&data);
>  			break;
>  		case MP_FLOAT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.r = mp_decode_float(&data);
>  			break;
>  		case MP_DOUBLE:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Real;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_DOUBLE;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.r = mp_decode_double(&data);
>  			break;
>  		case MP_INT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_Int;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_INT;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.i = mp_decode_int(&data);
>  			break;
>  		case MP_UINT:
> -			val[i].flags = MEM_UInt;
> +			val[i].type = MEM_UINT;
> +			val[i].flags = 0;
>  			val[i].u.u = mp_decode_uint(&data);
>  			break;
>  		case MP_STR:
> diff --git a/src/box/sql/mem.h b/src/box/sql/mem.h
> index 1db7f4deb..48c1850d4 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/mem.h
> +++ b/src/box/sql/mem.h
> @@ -37,6 +37,35 @@ struct region;
>  struct mpstream;
>  struct VdbeFrame;
>  
> +enum mem_type {
> +	MEM_NULL = 0,
> +	MEM_UINT,
> +	MEM_INT,
> +	MEM_STR,
> +	MEM_BIN,
> +	MEM_ARRAY,
> +	MEM_MAP,
> +	MEM_BOOL,
> +	MEM_FLOAT,
> +	MEM_DOUBLE,
> +	MEM_INVALID,
> +	MEM_FRAME,
> +	MEM_PTR,
> +	MEM_AGG,
> +};
> +
> +static_assert((int)MP_NIL == (int)MEM_NULL);
> +static_assert((int)MP_UINT == (int)MEM_UINT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_INT == (int)MEM_INT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_STR == (int)MEM_STR);
> +static_assert((int)MP_BIN == (int)MEM_BIN);
> +static_assert((int)MP_ARRAY == (int)MEM_ARRAY);
> +static_assert((int)MP_MAP == (int)MEM_MAP);
> +static_assert((int)MP_BOOL == (int)MEM_BOOL);
> +static_assert((int)MP_FLOAT == (int)MEM_FLOAT);
> +static_assert((int)MP_DOUBLE == (int)MEM_DOUBLE);
> +static_assert((int)MP_EXT == (int)MEM_INVALID);
> +
>  /*
>   * Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
>   * structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
> @@ -57,9 +86,8 @@ struct Mem {
>  		struct func *func;
>  		struct VdbeFrame *pFrame;	/* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
>  	} u;
> -	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
> -	/** Subtype for this value. */
> -	enum sql_subtype subtype;
> +	enum mem_type type;
> +	u32 flags;		/* Some combination of MEM_Term, MEM_Zero, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
>  	/**
>  	 * If value is fetched from tuple, then this property
>  	 * contains type of corresponding space's field. If it's
> @@ -81,29 +109,7 @@ struct Mem {
>  #endif
>  };
>  
> -/* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
> - * representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
> - *
> - * If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
> - * No other flags may be set in this case.
> - *
> - * If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
> - * Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
> - * database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
> - * set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
> - * flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
> - */
> -#define MEM_Null      0x0001	/* Value is NULL */
> -#define MEM_Str       0x0002	/* Value is a string */
> -#define MEM_Int       0x0004	/* Value is an integer */
> -#define MEM_Real      0x0008	/* Value is a real number */
> -#define MEM_Blob      0x0010	/* Value is a BLOB */
> -#define MEM_Bool      0x0020    /* Value is a bool */
> -#define MEM_UInt      0x0040	/* Value is an unsigned integer */
> -#define MEM_Frame     0x0080	/* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
> -#define MEM_Undefined 0x0100	/* Value is undefined */
>  #define MEM_Cleared   0x0200	/* NULL set by OP_Null, not from data */
> -#define MEM_TypeMask  0x83ff	/* Mask of type bits */
>  
>  /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
>   * the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
> @@ -114,175 +120,153 @@ struct Mem {
>  #define MEM_Dyn       0x0800	/* Need to call Mem.xDel() on Mem.z */
>  #define MEM_Static    0x1000	/* Mem.z points to a static string */
>  #define MEM_Ephem     0x2000	/* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
> -#define MEM_Agg       0x4000	/* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
>  #define MEM_Zero      0x8000	/* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
> -#define MEM_Subtype   0x10000	/* Mem.eSubtype is valid */
> -#define MEM_Ptr       0x20000	/* Value is a generic pointer */
> -
> -/**
> - * In contrast to Mem_TypeMask, this one allows to get
> - * pure type of memory cell, i.e. without _Dyn/_Zero and other
> - * auxiliary flags.
> - */
> -enum {
> -	MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK = 0x7f
> -};
> -
> -static_assert(MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK == (MEM_Null | MEM_Str | MEM_Int | MEM_Real |
> -				     MEM_Blob | MEM_Bool | MEM_UInt),
> -	      "value of type mask must consist of corresponding to memory "\
> -	      "type bits");
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_null(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_NULL;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_uint(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_UInt) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_UINT;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_nint(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Int) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_INT;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_str(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Str) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_STR;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_num(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Real | MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	return type == MEM_UINT || type == MEM_INT || type == MEM_DOUBLE;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_double(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Real) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_DOUBLE;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_int(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Int | MEM_UInt)) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_UINT || mem->type == MEM_INT;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_bool(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Bool) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_BOOL;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_bin(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	return type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_map(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
> -	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 && mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_MAP;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_MAP;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_array(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) == 0 ||
> -	       mem->subtype == SQL_SUBTYPE_MSGPACK);
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Subtype) != 0 &&
> -	       mp_typeof(*mem->z) == MP_ARRAY;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_ARRAY;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_agg(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Agg) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_AGG;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_bytes(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Blob | MEM_Str)) != 0;
> +	enum mem_type type = mem->type;
> +	return type == MEM_BIN || type == MEM_MAP || type == MEM_ARRAY ||
> +	       type == MEM_STR;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_frame(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Frame) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_FRAME;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_invalid(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & MEM_Undefined) != 0;
> +	return mem->type == MEM_INVALID;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_static(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
> +	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
>  	return (mem->flags & MEM_Static) != 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_ephemeral(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
> +	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
>  	return (mem->flags & MEM_Ephem) != 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_dynamic(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0);
> +	assert(mem_is_bytes(mem));
>  	return (mem->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_allocated(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	return (mem->flags & (MEM_Str | MEM_Blob)) != 0 &&
> -	       mem->z == mem->zMalloc;
> +	return mem_is_bytes(mem) && mem->z == mem->zMalloc;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_cleared(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Null) != 0);
> +	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) == 0 || mem->type == MEM_NULL);
>  	return (mem->flags & MEM_Cleared) != 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_zerobin(const struct Mem *mem)
>  {
> -	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || (mem->flags & MEM_Blob) != 0);
> +	assert((mem->flags & MEM_Zero) == 0 || mem->type == MEM_BIN);
>  	return (mem->flags & MEM_Zero) != 0;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_same_type(const struct Mem *mem1, const struct Mem *mem2)
>  {
> -	return (mem1->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK) ==
> -	       (mem2->flags & MEM_PURE_TYPE_MASK);
> +	return mem1->type == mem2->type;
>  }
>  
>  static inline bool
>  mem_is_any_null(const struct Mem *mem1, const struct Mem *mem2)
>  {
> -	return ((mem1->flags | mem2->flags) & MEM_Null) != 0;
> +	return mem1->type == MEM_NULL || mem2->type == MEM_NULL;
>  }
>  
>  /**
> @@ -943,7 +927,7 @@ registerTrace(int iReg, Mem *p);
>   * Return true if a memory cell is not marked as invalid.  This macro
>   * is for use inside assert() statements only.
>   */
> -#define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->flags & MEM_Undefined)==0
> +#define memIsValid(M)  ((M)->type != MEM_INVALID)
>  #endif
>  
>  int sqlVdbeMemExpandBlob(struct Mem *);
> @@ -969,8 +953,8 @@ int sqlVdbeMemTooBig(Mem *);
>  /* Return TRUE if Mem X contains dynamically allocated content - anything
>   * that needs to be deallocated to avoid a leak.
>   */
> -#define VdbeMemDynamic(X)  \
> -  (((X)->flags&(MEM_Agg|MEM_Dyn|MEM_Frame))!=0)
> +#define VdbeMemDynamic(X) (((X)->type == MEM_AGG || (X)->type == MEM_FRAME ||\
> +			   ((X)->flags & MEM_Dyn) != 0))
>  
>  
>  int sqlMemCompare(const Mem *, const Mem *, const struct coll *);
> diff --git a/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c b/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
> index ba5c08a00..1aa201466 100644
> --- a/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
> +++ b/src/box/sql/vdbemem.c
> @@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ valueNew(sql * db, struct ValueNewStat4Ctx *p)
>  			pRec->aMem = (Mem *)((char *) pRec +
>  					     ROUND8(sizeof(UnpackedRecord)));
>  			for (uint32_t i = 0; i < part_count; i++) {
> -				pRec->aMem[i].flags = MEM_Null;
> +				pRec->aMem[i].type = MEM_NULL;
> +				pRec->aMem[i].flags = 0;
>  				pRec->aMem[i].db = db;
>  			}
>  			p->ppRec[0] = pRec;
> -- 
> 2.25.1
> 

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread

end of thread, other threads:[~2021-05-20  8:26 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 3+ messages (download: mbox.gz / follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2021-04-23 12:57 [Tarantool-patches] [PATCH 1/1] sql: replace MEM-type flags by enum mem_type Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches
2021-04-25 17:41 ` Vladislav Shpilevoy via Tarantool-patches
2021-05-20  8:26 ` Mergen Imeev via Tarantool-patches

This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox